Valmiki Ramayana 2.79.16 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 79, Shloka 16

भरतस्य राज्यत्यागः तथा रामानयनप्रतिज्ञा

Bharata Rejects Kingship and Vows to Bring Rama Back

Devanagari script

अनुत्तमं तद्वचनं नृपात्मजप्रभाषितं संश्रवणे निशम्य च।प्रहर्षजास्तं प्रति बाष्पबिन्दवो निपेतुरार्यानननेत्रसम्भवाः।।2.79.16।।

Transliteration

anuttamaṃ tad vacanaṃ nṛpātmaja-prabhāṣitaṃ saṃśravaṇe niśamya ca | praharṣajāḥ taṃ prati bāṣpabindavo nipetur āryānana-netra-sambhavāḥ ||2.79.16||

Translation

Als sie jene unvergleichlichen Worte vernahmen, die der Königssohn in ihr Gehör gesprochen hatte, fielen ihm Freudentränen entgegen, entsprungen aus den Augen und Gesichtern der Edlen.

Word by Word

• अनुत्तमम्: excellent
• अनुत्तमम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनुत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; विशेषण (वचनम्)

• तत्: that
• तत्: कर्म (Karma/Object; determiner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन

• वचनम्: speech
• वचनम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन

• नृपात्मजप्रभाषितम्: spoken by the king’s son
• नृपात्मजप्रभाषितम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नृपात्मज-प्रभाषित (प्रातिपदिक: नृपात्मज + प्रभाषित)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (नृपात्मजेन प्रभाषितम् = spoken by the king’s son)

• संश्रवणे: within hearing
• संश्रवणे: अधिकरण (Location: within hearing)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संश्रवण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी; एकवचन

• निशम्य: having heard
• निशम्य: पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-शम्/नि-शम् (धातु; ‘to hear/notice’)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); ‘श्रुत्वा’ (having heard)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात (and)

• प्रहर्षजाः: born of joy
• प्रहर्षजाः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रहर्षज (प्रातिपदिक: प्रहर्ष + ज)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (प्रहर्षात् जाताः = born of joy)

• तम्: him
• तम्: प्रति-सम्बन्ध (Object of ‘towards’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन

• प्रति: towards
• प्रति: दिशा/सम्प्रदान (Directional)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (अव्यय)
• Form: दिशावाचक अव्यय (towards)

• बाष्पबिन्दवः: drops of tears
• बाष्पबिन्दवः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाष्पबिन्दु (प्रातिपदिक: बाष्प + बिन्दु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (बाष्पस्य बिन्दवः = drops of tears)

• निपेतुः: fell/trickled down
• निपेतुः: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-पत् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; बहुवचन

• आर्यानननेत्रसम्भवाः: arising from the eyes/faces of the noble ones
• आर्यानननेत्रसम्भवाः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आर्य-आनन-नेत्र-सम्भव (प्रातिपदिक: आर्य + आनन + नेत्र + सम्भव)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (आर्याणाम् आनन-नेत्रेभ्यः सम्भवाः = arising from the faces and eyes of the noble ones)

Context

Bharata, firm in vows, circumambulated all the articles procured in connection withconsecration, and replied them as follows:

Characters & Entities

• Bharata

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

True dharma inspires collective moral emotion: when people witness principled speech and truthfulness, their response is purification and joy rather than fear or faction.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata’s words in support of Rāma move the noble assembly; they weep with joy.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral clarity and sincerity: Bharata’s dharmic stance is so convincing that it transforms public grief into uplift.