Valmiki Ramayana 2.75.52 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 52

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

ऋतुस्नातां सतीं भार्यामृतुकालानुरोधिनीम्।अतिवर्तेत दुष्टात्मा यस्यार्योऽनुमते गतः।।।।

Transliteration

ṛtu-snātāṃ satīṃ bhāryām ṛtu-kālānurodhinīm | ativarteta duṣṭātmā yasya āryo 'numate gataḥ ||

Translation

Möge der, durch dessen Zustimmung mein edler Bruder ins Exil ging, die Schuld des Bösgesinnten auf sich laden, der seine keusche Gattin missachtet, obwohl sie nach ihrer Zeit das rituelle Bad genommen hat und die rechte Frist beachtet.

Word by Word

• ऋतुस्नाताम्: (a woman) bathed after menses
• ऋतुस्नाताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋतु + स्नात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (ऋतौ स्नाता); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (भāryām)

• सतीम्: chaste/virtuous
• सतीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• भार्याम्: wife
• भार्याम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ऋतुकालानुरोधिनीम्: observing the proper season/period
• ऋतुकालानुरोधिनीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋतु-काल + अनुरोधिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (भāryām)

• अतिवर्तेत: may transgress/neglect
• अतिवर्तेत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अति-वृत् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• दुष्टात्मा: wicked-minded person
• दुष्टात्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुष्ट + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• आर्यः: the noble one
• आर्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अनुमते: with consent
• अनुमते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुमति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• गतः: has gone/was exiled
• गतः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Context

May the one who counselled the exile of my esteemed brother acquire the sin in the same way as a wicked-minded person who neglects his chaste wife observing the menstrual period unfavourable for conception and had bathed after menstruation acquires!

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rama (ārya)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes fidelity and responsibility within household life; neglect of a virtuous spouse (especially when she follows prescribed propriety) is treated as a serious moral failure.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata uses a domestic ethical analogy to express the gravity of approving Rama’s exile, equating it with a shameful breach of intimate duty.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s reverence for righteous order in all spheres—public justice and private duty alike.