Valmiki Ramayana 2.75.25 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 25

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

बलिषड्भागमुद्धृत्य नृपस्यारक्षतः प्रजाः।अधर्मो योऽस्य सोऽस्यास्तु यस्यार्थोऽनुमते गतः।।।।

Transliteration

bali-ṣaḍbhāgam uddhṛtya nṛpasyārakṣataḥ prajāḥ |

adharmo yo 'sya sa 'syāstu yasyārtho 'numate gataḥ ||

Translation

Möge dieselbe Adharma auf den fallen, durch dessen Billigung mein edler Bruder verbannt wurde—wie auf einen König, der den rechtmäßigen sechsten Anteil der Abgaben nimmt und doch sein Volk nicht schützt.

Word by Word

• बलि-षड्भागम्: the sixth share tax
• बलि-षड्भागम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बलि (प्रातिपदिक) + षड्भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-प्रयोग (षड्भागः बलिः/बल्याः षड्भागः); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘the tax as a sixth share’

• उद्धृत्य: having collected
• उद्धृत्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उद्-√हृ (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (gerund); ‘having taken/collected’

• नृपस्य: of the king
• नृपस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; genitive singular ‘of the king’

• अरक्षतः: (while) not protecting
• अरक्षतः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अ-√रक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘(he) does not protect’ (used as genitive absolute-like sense with nṛpasya)

• प्रजाः: the people
• प्रजाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; nominative plural ‘subjects’

• अधर्मः: unrighteousness
• अधर्मः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• यः: which
• यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अस्य: of him
• अस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of him’

• सः: that
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अस्य: to him
• अस्य: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: चतुर्थ्यर्थे षष्ठी-रूप-प्रयोग; एकवचन; ‘to him’

• अस्तु: let it be
• अस्तु: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘let it be’

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘whose’

• अर्थः: purpose; interest
• अर्थः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; here ‘purpose/interest’ or ‘wealth’ (context: ‘for whose sake’)

• अनुमते: with approval
• अनुमते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुमति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• गतः: gone; exiled
• गतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

May the one who counselled the exile of my esteemed brother acquireunrighteousness in the same way as a king who, having received one sixth of the income as tax from people does not protect them!

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rāma (ārya)
• King (as role: nṛpa)
• subjects (prajā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rulership is a moral contract: collecting taxes is justified only when matched by protection of the people; otherwise it becomes adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata uses rājadharma as a standard to condemn the injustice that expelled Rāma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Commitment to just governance and accountability—Bharata measures actions by the duties attached to power.