Valmiki Ramayana 2.72.55 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 72, Shloka 55

भरतस्य मातृसदनगमनं कैकेय्या दारुणवृत्तान्तकथनं च

Bharata in Kaikeyi’s apartments: revelation of Daśaratha’s death and Rāma’s exile

Devanagari script

अपश्यंस्तु ततस्तत्र पितरं पितुरालये।जगाम भरतो द्रष्टुं मातरं मातुरालये।।2.72.1।।

Transliteration

apaśyaṃs tu tatas tatra pitaraṃ pitur ālaye |

jagāma bharato draṣṭuṃ mātaraṃ mātur ālaye ||

Translation

Dann, als er dort seinen Vater in der väterlichen Wohnung nicht erblickte, ging Bharata, um seine Mutter in ihren Gemächern zu sehen.

Word by Word

• apaśyan: not seeing
• apaśyan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √paś (पश्) with a-privative? actually na; here apaśyan = a- + paśyan?; correct: apaśyan (नञ्-रहित) from √paś, present participle
• Form: Vartamāna-kṛdanta (वर्तमानकृदन्त) / Śatṛ (शतृ) participle: paśyan; with privative prefix a- giving ‘not seeing’; Pumliṅga, Prathama, Ekavacana; agrees with bharataḥ

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; particle (निपात) indicating contrast/emphasis

• tataḥ: thereafter
• tataḥ: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) of sequence

• tatra: there
• tatra: Deśa/Adhikaraṇa (देश/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb of place (देशवाचक)

• pitaram: father
• pitaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• pituḥ: of (his) father
• pituḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (6/षष्ठी), Ekavacana; genitive relation

• ālaye: in the abode
• ālaye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ālaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Saptamī (7/सप्तमी), Ekavacana; locative

• jagāma: went
• jagāma: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (गम्)
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्, imperfect/past), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• bharataḥ: Bharata
• bharataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Prathama (1/प्रथमा), Ekavacana

• draṣṭum: to see
• draṣṭum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश्)
• Form: Tumun-anta infinitive (तुमुनन्त), avyaya; purpose (प्रयोजन)

• mātaram: mother
• mātaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā (2/द्वितीया), Ekavacana

• mātuḥ: of (his) mother
• mātuḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (6/षष्ठी), Ekavacana

• ālaye: in the abode
• ālaye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ālaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Saptamī (7/सप्तमी), Ekavacana

Context

Not finding his father in his abode, Bharata went to see his mother in her apartment.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Daśaratha (implied as father)
• Kaikeyi (implied as mother)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It reflects familial duty and propriety: seeking elders/parents in their proper quarters and acting with respect during a critical household crisis.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata arrives and looks for Daśaratha; not finding him, he proceeds to Kaikeyi’s quarters.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Śraddhā and respect toward parents/elders, shown through Bharata’s immediate concern to meet them properly.