Valmiki Ramayana 2.52.93 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 52, Shloka 93

गङ्गातरणम्, सुमन्त्र-प्रतिनिवर्तनम्, जटाधारणम्

Crossing the Gaṅgā; Sumantra’s Return; Adoption of Ascetic Signs

Devanagari script

तीरं तु समनुप्राप्य नावं हित्वा नरर्षभः।प्रातिष्ठत सह भ्रात्रा वैदेह्या च परन्तपः।।2.52.93।।

Transliteration

tīraṃ tu samanuprāpya nāvaṃ hitvā nararṣabhaḥ | prātiṣṭhata saha bhrātrā vaidehyā ca parantapaḥ || 2.52.93 ||

Translation

Als sie das Ufer erreicht und das Boot zurückgelassen hatten, zog Rāma—der Beste der Menschen, Bezwinger der Feinde—weiter, zusammen mit seinem Bruder und mit Vaidehī (Sītā).

Word by Word

• tīram: the bank
• tīram: Karma (कर्म/Object of samanuprāpya)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• tu: then
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Nipāta (particle; contrast/continuation)

• samanuprāpya: having reached
• samanuprāpya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया/gerundial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-anu-√prāp (धातु)
• Form: Ktvā-pratyaya (क्त्वा/absolutive), avyaya (अव्ययभाव)

• nāvam: the boat
• nāvam: Karma (कर्म/Object of hitvā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nau (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• hitvā: having left/abandoned
• hitvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √hā (धातु)
• Form: Ktvā-pratyaya (क्त्वा/absolutive), avyaya

• nara-rṣabhaḥ: best of men
• nara-rṣabhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक) + ṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa sense: 'bull among men'

• prātiṣṭhata: set out/proceeded
• prātiṣṭhata: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√sthā (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ-lakāra (लङ्/Imperfect), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: Sahārtha-avyaya (सहार्थ-अव्यय/with)

• bhrātrā: (his) brother
• bhrātrā: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana

• vaidehyā: with Vaidehi (Sita)
• vaidehyā: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaidehī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samucchaya-nipāta

• parantapaḥ: tormentor of foes
• parantapaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; apposition to nararṣabhaḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: param (प्रातिपदिक) + tapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; upapada-tatpuruṣa: 'one who torments enemies'

Context

Rama, the best of men and tormentor of enemies, after reaching the other side of the river, left the boat and proceeded with Sita and his brother.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sītā (Vaidehī)
• boat

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Shared dharmic commitment: the exile is undertaken together, emphasizing duty sustained through companionship and mutual responsibility.

What is the narrative situation?

After crossing, the trio disembarks and continues their forest journey.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s steadfast leadership—moving forward without wavering, while keeping the family unit intact.