Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 47, Shloka 15

अयोध्यायाः पौरविलापः

Lament of the Citizens of Ayodhya on Rama’s Absence

Devanagari script

ततो यथागतेनैव मार्गेण क्लान्तचेतसः।अयोध्यामागमन्सर्वे पुरीं व्यथितसज्जनाम्।।।।

Transliteration

tato yathāgatenaiva mārgeṇa klānta-cetasaḥ | ayodhyām āgaman sarve purīṃ vyathita-sajjanām || 2.47.15 ||

Translation

Darauf kehrten sie alle, im Herzen ermattet, auf demselben Weg zurück und gelangten nach Ayodhyā, in die Stadt, in der die Guten von Schmerz bedrängt waren.

Word by Word

• ततः: thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण—temporal setting)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, काल/अनन्तरार्थक (thereafter)

• यथा-आगतेन: by the same-as-before (route)
• यथा-आगतेन: Karana (करण—means/route specification)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + आगत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अव्ययीभावः (यथाऽऽगतं = as (they) had come)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध—emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• मार्गेण: by the path
• मार्गेण: Karana (करण—by the way/route)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• क्लान्त-चेतसः: weary-minded
• क्लान्त-चेतसः: Karta (कर्ता—qualifier of सर्वे)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्लान्त (प्रातिपदिक) + चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः (क्लान्तं चेतः येषाम्/whose minds are weary)

• अयोध्याम्: to Ayodhya
• अयोध्याम्: Karma (कर्म—goal as object of motion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अयोध्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• आगमन्: they came/returned
• आगमन्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-गम् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• सर्वे: all (of them)
• सर्वे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम-प्रयोग (collective)

• पुरीम्: the city
• पुरीम्: Karma (कर्म—appositional object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अयोध्याम् इत्यस्य विशेष्य (apposition)

• व्यथित-सज्जनाम्: whose virtuous people were distressed
• व्यथित-सज्जनाम्: Karma (कर्म—qualifier of पुरीम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्यथित (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + सज्जन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (व्यथिताः सज्जनाः यस्याम् = whose good people are distressed)

Context

Thereafter, all of them, the virtuous people grieving, their minds fatigued, returned to Ayodhya the same way they had come.

Characters & Entities

• Ayodhya
• Ayodhya citizens (sajjana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is the endurance of community in crisis: even in sorrow, the people return to their civic center, implying continued responsibility to family and society despite personal grief.

What is the narrative situation?

After failing to track Rama’s chariot, the citizens go back to Ayodhya along the same route.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective resilience—continuing onward despite emotional exhaustion.