Valmiki Ramayana 2.41.11 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 41, Shloka 11

अयोध्यायाः शोकप्रकम्पः

Ayodhya’s Tremor of Grief and Omens

Devanagari script

त्रिशङ्कुर्लोहिताङ्गश्च बृहस्पतिबुधावपि।दारुणा स्सोममभ्येत्य ग्रहास्सर्वे व्यवस्थिताः।।2.41.11।।

Transliteration

triśaṅkur lohitāṅgaś ca bṛhaspati-budhāv api |

dāruṇās somam abhyetya grahāḥ sarve vyavasthitāḥ ||

Translation

Triśaṅku, Lohitāṅga (Mars) und selbst Bṛhaspati und Budha—ja, alle Planeten—standen in einer furchterregenden Konstellation, als sie sich dem Mond näherten.

Word by Word

• triśaṅkuḥ: Triśaṅku (star)
• triśaṅkuḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: triśaṅku (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); नक्षत्र-विशेष/नाम (proper noun)

• lohitāṅgaḥ: Lohitāṅga (Mars)
• lohitāṅgaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lohitāṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); समास: लोहित + अङ्ग = 'red-limbed' (Mars)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• bṛhaspatiḥ: Jupiter (Bṛhaspati)
• bṛhaspatiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bṛhaspati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• budhaḥ: Mercury (Budha)
• budhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: budha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि-कारक-अव्यय (also/even)

• dāruṇāḥ: terrible/fierce
• dāruṇāḥ: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dāruṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); ग्रहाः इति विशेषणम्

• somam: the Moon
• somam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: soma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• abhyetya: having approached
• abhyetya: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √i (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund); उपसर्ग: अभि- (abhi-): 'having approached'

• grahāḥ: planets
• grahāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: graha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• sarve: all
• sarve: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); ग्रहाः इति विशेषणम्

• vyavasthitāḥ: stood stationed
• vyavasthitāḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi + ava + √sthā (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); 'having taken position/being stationed'

Context

The constellation Trishanku, the planets Mars, Jupiter, Mercury and other fierce planets took their position near the Moon.

Characters & Entities

• Triśaṅku
• Mars (Lohitāṅga)
• Moon (Soma)
• planets (grahāḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The ethical point is implicit: when dharma is disturbed in human affairs, tradition narrates that nature and the heavens reflect the disturbance through ominous signs.

What is the narrative situation?

The text describes astrological portents accompanying Rāma’s separation from Ayodhyā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The verse emphasizes cosmic order rather than personal virtue, reinforcing the epic’s view that moral disorder has universal resonance.