Valmiki Ramayana 2.34.35: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 34, Shloka 35

रामदर्शनार्थं दारानयनम्

The Queens Summoned; Rama’s Leave-Taking and Dasaratha’s Collapse

Devanagari script

दुष्करं क्रियते पुत्र सर्वथा राघव त्वया।मत्प्रियार्थं प्रियांस्त्यक्त्वा यद्यासि विजनं वनम्।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.34.35

Transliteration

duṣkaraṃ kriyate putra sarvathā rāghava tvayā |

matpriyārthaṃ priyāṃs tyaktvā yad yāsi vijanaṃ vanam ||

Translation

O Sohn, o Rāghava—auf jede Weise unternimmst du ein schweres Werk: um meinetwillen verlässt du die Deinen und gehst in den einsamen Wald.

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Word by Word

• duṣkaram: a difficult thing
• duṣkaram: Karma-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्म-समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: duṣkara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, nominative (प्रथमा) singular; predicate with kriyate

• kriyate: is being done
• kriyate: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ (लट्, present), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) singular, ātmanepada; passive sense 'is done'

• putra: O son
• putra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, vocative (सम्बोधन) singular

• sarvathā: entirely / in every way
• sarvathā: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sarvathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb

• rāghava: O Raghava
• rāghava: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, vocative (सम्बोधन) singular

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Karta (कर्ता/Agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Pronoun, instrumental (तृतीया) singular; agent in passive

• mat-priyārtham: for my pleasure's sake
• mat-priyārtham: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mad-priya-artha (प्रातिपदिक; mad + priya + artha)
• Form: Masculine, accusative (द्वितीया) singular; tatpuruṣa compound; purpose/aim

• priyān: dear ones
• priyān: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: priya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, accusative (द्वितीया) plural

• tyaktvā: having abandoned
• tyaktvā: Purvakāla-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tyaj (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/gerund (क्त्वा)

• yadi: if
• yadi: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्धबोधक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, conditional conjunction

• yāsi: you go
• yāsi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yā (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ (लट्, present), parasmaipada, 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष) singular

• vijanam: deserted
• vijanam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vijana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, accusative (द्वितीया) singular; qualifying vanam

• vanam: forest
• vanam: Karma (कर्म/Object/Goal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, accusative (द्वितीया) singular; goal of motion

Context

O my son, O descendant of the Raghus, you are called upon to accomplish, by all means, a very difficult task. For the sake of my pleasure you are forsaking your dear ones and going to the desolate forest.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as self-sacrifice for a higher obligation: Rāma accepts personal loss—leaving loved ones—to uphold a moral commitment connected to his father’s word.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha acknowledges the severity of Rāma’s choice to depart for exile, emphasizing how it requires giving up loved ones for the father’s sake.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s readiness for sacrifice and steadfastness in duty, even when it demands separation and hardship.