Shloka 19

सीताया वनानुगमननिश्चयः

Sita’s Resolve to Accompany Rama to the Forest

Devanagari script

अथ मामेवमव्यग्रां वनं नैव नयिष्यति।विषमद्यैव पास्यामि मा विशं द्विषतां गमम्।।2.30.19।।

Transliteration

atha mām evam avyagrāṃ vanaṃ naiva nayiṣyati | viṣam adyaiva pāsyāmi mā vaśaṃ dviṣatāṃ gamam || 2.30.19 ||

Translation

Wenn du mich, so entschlossen und unbeirrt, dennoch nicht in den Wald mitnimmst, dann werde ich noch heute Gift trinken; ich werde nicht unter der Macht der Feinde leben.

Word by Word

• atha: then/otherwise
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अनन्तर/विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (then/otherwise)

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• evam: thus
• evam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (in this way)

• avyagrām: unagitated/unhesitating
• avyagrām: Karma (कर्म/object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: avyagra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying माम्)

• vanam: to the forest
• vanam: Karma (कर्म; destination as object of leading)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• eva: at all/indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• nayiṣyati: will lead/take
• nayiṣyati: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nī (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• viṣam: poison
• viṣam: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• adya: today
• adya: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (today)

• eva: indeed/right away
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय

• pāsyāmi: I will drink
• pāsyāmi: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pā (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• mā: do not
• mā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/prohibition)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: mā (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (prohibitive particle, used with imperative/optative sense)

• viśam: control/power (subjection)
• viśam: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• dviṣatām: of enemies
• dviṣatām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dviṣat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; शत्रुवाचक

• gamam: going/approach
• gamam: Karma (कर्म/object; with mā prohibiting)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; (from √gam, 'going')

Context

Sita agitated over a supreme cause upbraided the broad-chested scion of the Raghu race out of love and injured self-respect.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāma
• forest (vana)
• enemies (dviṣat)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is asserted as refusal of dishonor and coerced living: Sītā insists that life without rightful protection and companionship is ethically intolerable.

What is the narrative situation?

Facing Rāma’s continued reluctance, Sītā escalates her demand with an extreme vow, rejecting remaining in Ayodhyā under hostile control.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fearless resolve—she chooses principled solidarity over personal safety.