Shloka 3

इदं तु ज्ञातुमिच्छामि किमर्थं मां महीपतिः।नाभिनन्दति दुर्धर्षो यथापूर्वमरिन्दमः।।2.19.3।।

idaṃ tu jñātum icchāmi kimarthaṃ māṃ mahīpatiḥ |

nābhinandati durdharṣo yathāpūrvam arindamaḥ || 2.19.3 ||

Doch möchte ich wissen, weshalb der König — unbezwingbar, Bezwinger der Feinde — mich nicht wie früher begrüßt.

इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Dvitīyā, Eka-vacana; object of इच्छामि
तुhowever
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle
ज्ञातुम्to know
ज्ञातुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootjñā (धातु)
FormTumun infinitive (तुमुन्)
इच्छामिI wish
इच्छामि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootiṣ (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (present), Parasmaipada, Uttama-puruṣa, Eka-vacana
किमर्थम्why
किमर्थम्:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkim + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormInterrogative adverb formed as tatpuruṣa-like compound; avyaya usage meaning ‘for what reason’
माम्me
माम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Dvitīyā, Eka-vacana
महीपतिःthe king; lord of the earth
महीपतिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmahī + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Eka-vacana
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegative particle
अभिनन्दतिgreets; welcomes
अभिनन्दति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-nand (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra, Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa, Eka-vacana
दुर्धर्षःunassailable
दुर्धर्षः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootdur + dharṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya compound ‘hard to assail’; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Eka-vacana; adjective of महीपतिः
यथापूर्वम्as before; as usual
यथापूर्वम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā + pūrva (अव्यय)
FormAvyayībhāva compound used adverbially
अरिन्दमःenemy-subduer
अरिन्दमः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootari + dama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound ‘subduer of enemies’; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Eka-vacana; adjective of महीपतिः

Hardly had Rama withdrawn from the harem after circumambulating his father and Kaikeyi when he saw his friends .

R
Rama
D
Dasharatha (mahīpatiḥ)

FAQs

Dharma here is attentiveness to right relationship and rightful conduct: Rama notices a deviation in the king’s customary courtesy and seeks the truth behind it without anger, showing respect for paternal and royal decorum.

Rama has come to meet Dasharatha, but perceives that the king is not welcoming him in the usual manner; Rama asks why this change has occurred.

Rama’s restraint and respect (maryādā): he inquires calmly and truth-seeking (satya-anveṣaṇa) rather than reacting impulsively.