Valmiki Ramayana 2.102.31: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 102, Shloka 31

पितृमरणश्रवणं जलक्रिया च

Hearing of Daśaratha’s death and the libation rites at Mandākinī

Devanagari script

तत स्तेनैव मार्गेण प्रत्युत्तीर्य सरित्तटात्।आरुरोह नरव्याघ्रो रम्यसानुं महीधरम्।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.102.31

Transliteration

tataḥ tenaiva mārgeṇa pratyuttīrya nadītaṭāt |

ārurōha naravyāghro ramyasānuṃ mahīdharam ||

Translation

Dann stieg er auf demselben Pfad vom Flussufer wieder empor; und Rāma, ein Tiger unter den Menschen, erklomm den Berg mit lieblichen Hängen.

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Word by Word

• tataḥ: then/thereafter
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): अनन्तरार्थे (thereafter)

• tena: by that
• tena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; ‘by/with that’

• eva: indeed/same
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle): एवकार (emphasis: indeed/same)

• mārgeṇa: by the path/route
• mārgeṇa: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• pratyuttīrya: having climbed up
• pratyuttīrya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati-ud-√tṝ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund): having ascended

• sarit-taṭāt: from the river bank
• sarit-taṭāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarit (प्रातिपदिक) + taṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: सरितः तटम् (river-bank)

• āruroha: climbed/ascended
• āruroha: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√ruh (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम; उपसर्गः: आ

• nara-vyāghraḥ: best of men
• nara-vyāghraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक) + vyāghra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (उपमान-आधारित): नराणां व्याघ्रः (tiger among men)

• ramya-sānum: with charming slopes
• ramya-sānum: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ramya (प्रातिपदिक) + sānu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् of mahīdharam; कर्मधारयः: रम्यं सानु यस्य (having lovely slopes)

• mahīdharam: the mountain
• mahīdharam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahī (प्रातिपदिक) + dhara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: महीṃ धरतीति (mountain; earth-holder)

Context

Rama, the tiger among men, ascending the riverbank and proceeding on the same path (he had come), climbed the (Chitrakuta) mountain of charming slopes.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Chitrakuta

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is steadfastness in one’s chosen duty: Rama continues his exile-life path without wavering, moving forward calmly despite the emotional upheaval around him.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama returns from the riverbank area and goes up toward the Chitrakuta region, approaching the hermitage zone where the meeting with Bharata unfolds.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s composure and resolve (dhṛti): he proceeds with purpose, maintaining the discipline of exile.