Shloka 92

Mārkaṇḍeya’s Birth and Boon; Puṣkara’s Glory; Rāma’s Śrāddha; Refuge-Hymn to Śiva

Devanagari script

पुराणोक्तो विधिश्चैव वैश्वदेविकपूर्वकः । भुक्तवत्सु च विप्रेषु दत्वा पिंडान्यथाक्रमम्

Transliteration

purāṇokto vidhiścaiva vaiśvadevikapūrvakaḥ | bhuktavatsu ca vipreṣu datvā piṃḍānyathākramam

Translation

Man befolge das in den Purāṇas gelehrte Verfahren, beginnend mit der Vaiśvadeva-Darbringung; und wenn die Brāhmaṇas gespeist haben, gebe man danach die Piṇḍa-Opfergaben in rechter Reihenfolge.

Word by Word

• पुराणोक्तः: stated in the Purāṇa
• पुराणोक्तः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject) (as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुराण (प्रातिपदिक) + उक्त (कृदन्त) (समास)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष): पुराणे उक्तः = 'said in the Purāṇa'; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies 'विधिः'

• विधिः: procedure; rule
• विधिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• च: and
• च: Avyaya (अव्यय/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)

• एव: indeed; just
• एव: Avyaya (अव्यय/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable (अव्यय), emphatic particle (निश्चय/अवधारण)

• वैश्वदेविकपूर्वकः: preceded by the Vaiśvadeva offering
• वैश्वदेविकपूर्वकः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject) (as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वैश्वदेविक (प्रातिपदिक) + पूर्वक (प्रातिपदिक) (समास)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष): वैश्वदेविकेन पूर्वकः = 'preceded by the Vaiśvadevika rite'; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies 'विधिः'

• भुक्तवत्सु: after (they) had eaten; among the fed
• भुक्तवत्सु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location) (locative absolute context)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भुक्तवत् (प्रातिपदिक) (कृदन्त-वत्)
• Form: Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन); 'when/among those who have eaten' (locative absolute with 'विप्रेषु')

• च: and
• च: Avyaya (अव्यय/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)

• विप्रेषु: among the brahmins
• विप्रेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location) (locative absolute context)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन); with 'भुक्तवत्सु' (locative absolute sense)

• दत्वा: having given
• दत्वा: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial to main action implied)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा/अव्ययभाव)
• Form: Gerund/Absolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable verbal form; expresses prior action

• पिण्डान्: rice-balls (piṇḍas)
• पिण्डान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• यथाक्रमम्: in due order; sequentially
• यथाक्रमम्: Avyaya (अव्यय/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + क्रम (प्रातिपदिक) (समास)
• Form: Avyayībhāva (अव्ययीभाव) compound used adverbially; indeclinable

Speaker

Not explicitly stated in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: पुराणोक्तो = पुराणोक्तः; विधिश्चैव = विधिः + च + एव; पिंडान्यथाक्रमम् = पिण्डान् + यथाक्रमम्

FAQs

What is the Vaiśvadeva mentioned in this verse?

Vaiśvadeva is a daily household offering made to the “all-gods” (viśve devāḥ), typically performed before eating, marking a gṛhastha’s duty of sharing and consecrating food.

Why does the verse place giving piṇḍas after feeding the brāhmaṇas?

It reflects a ritual sequence: hospitality and feeding qualified recipients is completed first, and then the śrāddha-related piṇḍa offerings are given in the prescribed order, maintaining procedural purity and tradition.

What ethical lesson is emphasized here?

The verse underscores disciplined dharma: perform rites as taught by authoritative tradition, prioritize respectful giving and hospitality, and follow proper order rather than acting casually or selectively.