Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 48

Sukalā’s Account: Ikṣvāku and Sudevā; the Boar’s Resolve and the Dharma of Battle

मरणं सुलभं ज्ञात्वा का प्रतिज्ञा तवेदृशी । त्वां विनाहं न शक्नोमि धर्तुं प्राणान्प्रियेश्वर

maraṇaṃ sulabhaṃ jñātvā kā pratijñā tavedṛśī | tvāṃ vināhaṃ na śaknomi dhartuṃ prāṇānpriyeśvara

Da du weißt, wie leicht der Tod zu erlangen ist—was ist das für ein Gelübde von dir? Ohne dich, mein geliebter Herr, vermag ich nicht einmal meinen Lebensatem zu bewahren.

maraṇamdeath
maraṇam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन; here as कर्म of ज्ञात्वा (object known)
sulabhameasy to obtain
sulabham:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/प्रत्ययार्थ) + labha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of maraṇam
jñātvāhaving known
jñātvā:
Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootjñā (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund); अव्ययभाव (having known)
what? (which?)
:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; interrogative pronoun
pratijñāpromise, vow
pratijñā:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpratijñā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
tavayour
tava:
Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
īdṛśīsuch, of this kind
īdṛśī:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootīdṛś (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण of pratijñā
tvāmyou
tvām:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
vināwithout
vinā:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvinā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपसर्गसदृश-निपात (preposition/particle) meaning ‘without’
ahamI
aham:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
nanot
na:
Pratishedha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
śaknomiI am able
śaknomi:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootśak (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन
dhartumto hold, to sustain
dhartum:
Prayojana (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootdhṛ (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (Infinitive); प्रयोजन/कर्मार्थ (to do/for the purpose of)
prāṇānlife-breaths, life
prāṇān:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootprāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
priyeśvaraO dear lord
priyeśvara:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootpriya (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (priya-īśvara = ‘dear lord’)

Unspecified (context-dependent; a devoted beloved addressing her lord)

Concept: Single-point dependence: the beloved becomes the very prāṇa; vows that cause needless separation are questioned when they destroy life’s support.

Application: Examine vows and austerities: keep them dharmic and compassionate; do not weaponize ‘vows’ to harm relationships or dependents.

Primary Rasa: shringara

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A devoted beloved stands at the threshold, hands clasped, eyes brimming, confronting her lord who is bound by a severe vow. The air feels suspended—her scarf caught by a faint wind, his travel staff angled toward the road—while her gaze declares that without him her prāṇa cannot remain.","primary_figures":["beloved/spouse (devoted speaker)","beloved lord (vow-bound)"],"setting":"threshold of a woodland hermitage or village home, with a path leading into trees and a small shrine visible inside","lighting_mood":"moonlit","color_palette":["midnight blue","silver moon-white","lotus pink","warm ochre","deep maroon"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: intense devotional-romantic tableau at a doorway; the beloved with expressive eyes and ornate jewelry, the lord with staff and vow-mark; gold leaf on moon halo, ornaments, and shrine arch; rich reds, greens, and luminous highlights emphasizing prāṇa-like attachment.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: tender moonlit threshold scene, delicate facial expressions, soft gradients; a winding forest path and pale moon; lyrical naturalism capturing viraha and pleading gesture.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines, large emotive eyes; the beloved’s pleading posture foregrounded; stylized moon and trees; strong red-yellow-green palette with black contouring.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: central couple framed by lotus and creeper borders; symbolic lotuses near the beloved’s feet; deep blue ground with gold accents; peacocks and floral motifs intensify the shringara-viraha mood."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Yaman","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"reverent-soft","sound_elements":["night breeze","distant owl","soft ankle-bells","silence between lines"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: tavedṛśī = tava + īdṛśī (vowel sandhi). vināhaṃ = vinā + aham. prāṇānpriyeśvara = prāṇān + priyeśvara (anusvāra/na-sandhi at word boundary).

FAQs

The verse centers on viraha (pain of separation), expressing that life itself cannot be sustained without the beloved lord.

It challenges a harsh vow or resolve by contrasting it with the ease of dying, implying that such a pledge risks causing needless suffering or even death.

It portrays total dependence on the beloved lord—an intense devotional stance where the devotee’s very prāṇa (life-breath) is felt to rest in the presence of the divine beloved.