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Shloka 48

Kāśī-māhātmya: Avimukta Gaṅgā and the Pañcanada Tīrtha

गुरुशुश्रूषवे दत्वा तीर्थास्नानफलं लभेत् । शठाय निंदकायापि गोविप्रसुरविद्विषे । गुरुद्रुहेऽसूयकाय दत्वा मृत्युमवाप्नुयात् ॥ ४८ ॥

guruśuśrūṣave datvā tīrthāsnānaphalaṃ labhet | śaṭhāya niṃdakāyāpi goviprasuravidviṣe | gurudruhe'sūyakāya datvā mṛtyumavāpnuyāt || 48 ||

Wer einem gibt, der sich dem Dienst am Guru widmet, erlangt den Verdienst eines Bades in heiligen Tīrthas. Wer aber einem Betrüger, einem Verleumder, einem Hasser von Kühen, Brāhmaṇas und Göttern, oder einem, der den Guru verrät und von Neid erfüllt ist, gibt, zieht einen schweren Sturz herbei, gleich dem Tod.

guru-śuśrūṣaveto one who serves the guru
guru-śuśrūṣave:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootguru (प्रातिपदिक) + śuśrūṣā (प्रातिपदिक) + -vat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गुरोः शुश्रूषा यस्य = one who serves the guru)
datvāhaving given
datvā:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Converb)
TypeVerb
Root√dā (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभावकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having given’
tīrtha-snāna-phalamthe fruit of bathing at a pilgrimage place
tīrtha-snāna-phalam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roottīrtha (प्रातिपदिक) + snāna (प्रातिपदिक) + phala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (तीर्थे स्नानस्य फलम्)
labhetwould obtain
labhet:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√labh (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
śaṭhāyato a deceitful person
śaṭhāya:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootśaṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन
niṃdakāyato a reviler
niṃdakāya:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootniṃdaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन
apieven/also
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formसम्भावना/अपि-समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (particle: even/also)
go-vipra-sura-vidviṣeto a hater of cows, Brahmins, and gods
go-vipra-sura-vidviṣe:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootgo (प्रातिपदिक) + vipra (प्रातिपदिक) + sura (प्रातिपदिक) + vidviṣ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गवां विप्राणां सुराणां च विद्विट् = hater of cows, Brahmins, and gods)
guru-druheto one who harms/betrays the guru
guru-druhe:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootguru (प्रातिपदिक) + druh (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गुरौ द्रुह्यति = one who betrays the guru)
asūyakāyato a malicious/envious person
asūyakāya:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootasūyaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन
datvāhaving given
datvā:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Converb)
TypeVerb
Root√dā (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभावकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having given’
mṛtyumdeath
mṛtyum:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootmṛtyu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
avāpnuyātwould meet/attain
avāpnuyāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootava-√āp (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

Suta (narrating Narada Purana’s tirtha-mahatmya teachings)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

G
Guru
G
Gau (Cow)
V
Vipra (Brahmana)
S
Sura (Devas)

FAQs

It teaches that the fruit of sacred practices depends on discernment (viveka): giving to a worthy, guru-devoted recipient yields tīrtha-like merit, while supporting hostile and unethical people becomes spiritually destructive.

Bhakti is grounded in reverence and service—especially guru-sevā and honoring dharmic pillars like cows and brāhmaṇas. Charity aligned with these values supports devotion; charity that empowers envy and guru-betrayal undermines it.

Ritual discernment (a practical dharma-application often guided by Kalpa/Smṛti principles) is emphasized: dāna is not merely an act, but a correctly directed ritual ethic where the recipient’s eligibility determines the result.