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Shloka 4

Adhyaya 89The Wrath of Shumbha and Nishumbha and the Fall of Nishumbha

हन्यमानं महासैन्यं विलोक्ष्यामर्षमुद्वहन् ।

अभ्यधावन्निशुम्भोऽथ मुख्ययाऽसुरसेनया ॥

hanyamānaṃ mahāsainyaṃ vilokyāmarṣam udvahan | abhyadhāvanniśumbho 'tha mukhyayāsurasenayā ||

Als er sah, wie sein großes Heer niedergemetzelt wurde, stürmte Niśumbha, von brennender Wut getragen, mit der Hauptabteilung des Asura-Heeres nach vorn.

हन्यमानम्being slain
हन्यमानम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (वर्तमान-कर्मणि कृदन्त/शानच्-प्रायः; passive present participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण of महासैन्यम्
महासैन्यम्the great army
महासैन्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमहासैन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समास: महत् + सैन्य (great army)
विलोक्ष्यhaving seen
विलोक्ष्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि-लोक् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive)
अमर्षम्wrath / indignation
अमर्षम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअमर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
उद्वहन्bearing / carrying (wrath)
उद्वहन्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्-वह् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (वर्तमान कृदन्त/शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण of निशुम्भः
अभ्यधावत्ran towards / charged
अभ्यधावत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-धाव् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन
निशुम्भःNiśumbha
निशुम्भः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनिशुम्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
अथthen
अथ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअनन्तर-बोधक अव्यय (particle: then/now)
मुख्ययाwith the chief (force)
मुख्यया:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमुख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन; विशेषण of असुरसेनया
असुरसेनयाwith the demon-army
असुरसेनया:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootअसुरसेना (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समास: असुर + सेना (army of demons)
Ṛṣi narrating
NiśumbhaDevī (implied)
Devī as battlefield sovereign (implied)
Battle escalationLeadership in warWrath-driven action

FAQs

The verse depicts how attachment to power and possession turns into rage when threatened; it cautions that leadership without dharma becomes destructive bravado.

Dharma-protective episode embedded in manvantara narration; not sarga/pratisarga, but within the manvantara-anchored sacred history stream.

Niśumbha’s ‘charge’ symbolizes reactive mind (krodha) rushing to reassert control when the ego’s structures (its ‘army’) are dismantled.