Shloka 2

Adhyaya 88 — The Manifestation of the Matrikas and the Slaying of Raktabija

Sanskrit

ततः कोपपराधीनचेता शुम्भः प्रतापवान् । उद्योगं सर्वसैन्यानां दैत्यानामादिदेश ह ॥

Transliteration

tataḥ kopaparādhīnacetāḥ śumbhaḥ pratāpavān / udyogaṃ sarvasainyānāṃ daityānām ādideśa ha

Translation

Darauf befahl der mächtige Śumbha, dessen Geist vom Zorn überwältigt war, den gesamten Heeren der Daityas, sich zum Kampf bereitzumachen.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Context)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रमवाचक (then)

• कोपपराधीनचेता: whose mind was under the sway of anger
• कोपपराधीनचेता: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कोप + पराधीन + चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (कोपेन पराधीनं चेतः यस्य); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (for śumbhaḥ)

• शुम्भः: Śumbha
• शुम्भः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुम्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रतापवान्: mighty, valorous
• प्रतापवान्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रतापवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• उद्योगम्: preparation, mobilization
• उद्योगम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उद्योग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सर्वसैन्यानाम्: of all the armies
• सर्वसैन्यानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + सैन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (सर्वाणि सैन्यानि); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), बहुवचन

• दैत्यानाम्: of the demons
• दैत्यानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• आदिदेश: commanded, ordered
• आदिदेश: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-दि-श् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• ह: indeed
• ह: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पदपूरण/निपात (emphatic particle)

Speakers

• Narrator Ṛṣi

Primary Deities

• Śumbha (asura antagonist)
• Devī (implicit opponent)

Shakti Aspects

• Devī as opposing cosmic power (implicit)

Key Themes

• Asuric psychology (wrath-driven action)
• Militarization
• Dharma vs adharma conflict

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

When the mind is ‘parādhīna’ (enslaved) to anger, even the powerful act reactively. The verse contrasts uncontrolled passion with Devī’s purposeful force.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Anucarita (exemplary narrative) within Manvantara setting; it illustrates the conduct-pattern of adharma (krodha-driven escalation).

What is the esoteric significance?

Śumbha symbolizes possessive sovereignty; wrath at loss of subordinates mirrors the ego’s rage when its habitual supports are removed—prompting a ‘total mobilization’ of latent impulses.