HomeMarkandeya PuranaAdhy. 8Shloka 198
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Shloka 198

Adhyaya 8Harishchandra’s Trial: Truth, the Sale of Family, and Bondage to a Chandala

प्रकृष्टा विस्मिता दीना भर्तृपुत्राधिपीडिता ।

वीक्षन्ती सा ततोऽपश्यद् भर्तृदण्डं जुगुप्सितम् ॥

prakṛṣṭā vismitā dīnā bhartṛ-putrādhi-pīḍitā |

vīkṣantī sā tato 'paśyad bhartṛ-daṇḍaṃ jugupsitam ||

Völlig erschüttert, erstaunt und elend—vom Unheil um Gatten und Sohn gepeinigt—blickte sie umher und erblickte dann den widerwärtigen Stab ihres Mannes (den Stab, den er in seiner erniedrigten Rolle trägt).

prakṛṣṭāgreatly (distressed)/intensely affected
prakṛṣṭā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprakṛṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); predicate adjective of sā
vismitāastonished
vismitā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvismita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
dīnāwretched
dīnā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdīna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
bhartṛ-putra-adhi-pīḍitāafflicted over husband and son
bhartṛ-putra-adhi-pīḍitā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक) + adhi-√pīḍ (धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); बहुपद-तत्पुरुष with kta-participle: ‘afflicted because of husband and son’
vīkṣantīlooking
vīkṣantī:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; samtidhi)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√īkṣ (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); ‘while looking’
she
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
tataḥthen/thereupon
tataḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रम/स्थानवाचक-अव्यय)
apaśyatsaw
apaśyat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√dṛś (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada
bhartṛ-daṇḍamher husband’s staff/punishment
bhartṛ-daṇḍam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + daṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘husband’s staff/punishment’
jugupsitamdespicable/loathsome
jugupsitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√gup (धातु) + desiderative stem jugups- (जुगुप्स) + kta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त) of desiderative ‘to despise’; Neuter/Masculine Accusative Singular (द्वितीया एकवचन) agreeing with daṇḍam
Narrative description of the queen’s state

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bibhatsa", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Social degradationShock and disgust (jugupsā)Suffering of the royal household

FAQs

The ‘loathsome staff’ embodies how external roles can invert; the verse invites discrimination between intrinsic worth and socially assigned occupation/status.

Outside pañcalakṣaṇa; serves the Purāṇic moral-narrative function of illustrating the fragility of worldly power.

Daṇḍa can symbolize ‘discipline’ or ‘fate’s rod’: the same sign that once implied authority now signifies abasement—showing the dual edge of power and karma.