Shloka 16

Adhyaya 75 — The Fall and Restoration of Revatī Nakṣatra and the Birth of Raivata Manu

Sanskrit

गर्भाधानविधानॆन न काममनुरुध्यता ।

पुत्रार्थं जनितश्चायं पुन्नाम्नो बिभ्यता मुने ॥

Transliteration

garbhādhāna-vidhānena na kāmam anurudhyatā /

putrārthaṃ janitaś cāyaṃ pun-nāmno bibhyatā mune

Translation

Durch den vorgeschriebenen Ritus der Empfängnis (garbhādhāna), nicht aus Hingabe an Begierde, wurde dieser Sohn gezeugt, um einen Sohn zu haben—aus Furcht vor der Hölle namens „Put“, o Weiser.

Word by Word

• garbhādhāna-vidhānena: by the rite/procedure of conception
• garbhādhāna-vidhānena: Karaṇa (करण/instrument/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: garbhādhāna (प्रातिपदिक) + vidhāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neut.), तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (garbhādhānasya vidhānam)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• kāmam: desire/pleasure
• kāmam: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• anurudhyatā: (I) did not pursue/comply with desire
• anurudhyatā: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-rudh (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; ‘अनुरुध्यत’ = complied with/followed (here: pursued)

• putra-artham: for the sake of a son
• putra-artham: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/purpose)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावः; द्वितीया-एकवचन-रूपेण अव्ययवत् (for the sake of a son)

• janitaḥ: was begotten/born
• janitaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘born/produced’

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• ayam: this (one)
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• punnāmnaḥ: of Punnāman (hell)
• punnāmnaḥ: Apādāna/Hetu (अपादान/हेतु: cause of fear)
• Type: Noun
• Root: punnāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग-प्रयोग (as name), षष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन; ‘पुन्नाम्नः’ = of (the hell called) Punnāman

• bibhyatā: (he) fears
• bibhyatā: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhī (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; ‘बिभ्यति’ (here written bibhyatā) = fears

• mune: O sage
• mune: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speakers

• Ṛtavāk (continuing)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Saṃskāras
• Pitri Puja
• Gṛhastha duties

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Procreation is framed as saṃskāra-governed dharma aimed at ancestral welfare, not mere pleasure; yet the narrative problematizes the assumption that ‘having a son’ automatically fulfills pitṛ-duty.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/saṃskāra teaching; not pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘Put’ etymology encodes fear-based religiosity; the text invites a deeper view where inner virtue (guṇa/ācāra) matters more than ritualized biological continuity.