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Shloka 50

Adhyaya 74King Svarashtra, the Deer-Queen’s Curse, and the Rise of Tamasa Manu

कस्त्वं तात कथं वाहं पुत्रो माता च का मम ।

किमर्थमागतश्च त्वमेतत् सत्यं ब्रवीहि मे ॥

kastvaṃ tāta kathaṃ vāhaṃ putro mātā ca kā mama / kimarthamāgataśca tvametat satyaṃ bravīhi me

„Wer bist du, Geliebte? Und wie bin ich dein Sohn, und wer ist meine Mutter? Zu welchem Zweck bist du gekommen? Sage mir dies wahrheitsgemäß.“

कःwho
कः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; interrogative pronoun
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-प्रयोगे द्वितीयपुरुष-सर्वनाम; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
तातdear (father/son), O dear one
तात:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootतात (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन
कथम्how
कथम्:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
वाindeed / or
वा:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (particle: or/indeed)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; 1st person pronoun
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
माताmother
माता:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
and
:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
काwho (female)
का:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; interrogative pronoun
ममmy
मम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; 1st person pronoun
किम्what
किम्:
Hetu (हेतु/Reason)
TypeNoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; interrogative pronoun (used in compound)
अर्थम्purpose
अर्थम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
आगतः(has) come
आगतः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकालिक-कृदन्त (past active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘having come/come’
and
:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object/Content)
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; adverbial accusative ‘truly’ also possible
ब्रवीहिtell / speak
ब्रवीहि:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; enclitic form
Narrative verse (dialogue within Markandeya’s narration); a son questions an elder/father-figure
GenealogyIdentity and lineage inquiryTruthfulness (satya)

FAQs

The verse foregrounds satya (truthfulness) as the proper basis for resolving questions of origin, duty, and relationship—lineage is not mere pride, but a guide to svadharma.

It functions as a narrative hinge within Vaṃśa/Manvantara material: a genealogical inquiry that sets up the recounting of events leading to a Manu and his era (Manvantara).

The ‘who am I / who are you’ questioning can be read as a dharmic-identity motif: knowing one’s true origin is a prerequisite for right action; ignorance of lineage symbolizes confusion of dharma.