Shloka 21

Adhyaya 53 — Rudrasarga and the Measure of the Manvantaras: Svayambhuva Manu, Priyavrata’s Line, and the Seven Dvipas

Sanskrit

जलदश्च कुमारश्च सुकुमारो मनीवकः । कुशोत्तरोऽथ मेधावी सप्तमस्तु महाद्रुमः ॥

Transliteration

jaladaś ca kumāraś ca sukumāro manīvakaḥ | kuśottaro 'tha medhāvī saptamas tu mahādrumaḥ ||

Translation

Jalada, Kumāra, Sukumāra, Manīvaka, Kuśottara, Medhāvī—und der siebte war Mahādruma.

Word by Word

• जलदः: Jalada (name)
• जलदः: विषय/कर्ता (name in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जलद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• कुमारः: Kumāra (name)
• कुमारः: विषय/कर्ता (name in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुमार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• सुकुमारः: Sukumāra (name)
• सुकुमारः: विषय/कर्ता (name in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु + कुमार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.); कर्मधारयः (‘very tender/beautiful’ + ‘youth’) as proper name

• मनीवकः: Manīvaka (name)
• मनीवकः: विषय/कर्ता (name in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनीवक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.)

• कुशोत्तरः: Kuśottara (name)
• कुशोत्तरः: विषय/कर्ता (name in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुश + उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.); तत्पुरुषः (कुशस्य उत्तरः) as proper name

• अथ: then/next
• अथ: सम्बन्ध/अनुक्रम (discourse marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (particle: ‘then/next’)

• मेधावी: Medhāvī (the intelligent one; name)
• मेधावी: विषय/कर्ता (name in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेधाविन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.); इन्-प्रत्ययान्त

• सप्तमः: the seventh
• सप्तमः: विशेषण (viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रमवाचक (ordinal); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.)

• तु: indeed
• तु: निपात (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधान/विरोधसूचक (particle: ‘indeed/but’)

• महाद्रुमः: Mahādruma (name)
• महाद्रुमः: विषय/कर्ता (name in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + द्रुम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.); कर्मधारयः (‘great’ + ‘tree’) as proper name

Speakers

• Puranic narrator (cosmography section)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Genealogy
• Toponymy
• Cosmology

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Names often carry semantic virtues (medhā ‘intelligence’, mahādruma ‘stability/growth’), subtly presenting ideal qualities of rulers whose identities become embedded in the land.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Vamśa: a straightforward dynastic enumeration used to ground cosmographic mapping.

What is the esoteric significance?

Eponymous naming suggests a microcosm–macrocosm correspondence: personal qualities and lineages are projected onto spatial order, making geography a ‘memory map’ of dharma and ancestry.