Shloka 49

Adhyaya 49 — Cosmic Dissolution

Sanskrit

दुष्टप्रायो विना क्षेत्रैः परभूमिचरो बली ।

ग्राम एव द्रमीसंज्ञो राजवल्लभसंश्रयः ॥

Transliteration

duṣṭaprāyo vinā kṣetraiḥ parabhūmicaro balī / grāma eva dramīsaṃjño rājavallabhasaṃśrayaḥ

Translation

Wer überwiegend böse ist, ohne Felder, kräftig und auf fremdem Land umherstreift—ein solcher wird, auch wenn er im Dorf wohnt, „dramī“ (dramī) genannt, einer, der von der Gunst des Königs abhängt.

Word by Word

• दुष्ट-प्रायः: mostly wicked
• दुष्ट-प्रायः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of implied subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक) + prāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: एकवचन, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), पुंलिङ्ग; विशेषण; 'mostly wicked'

• विना: without
• विना: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/without-relation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vinā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपसर्गार्थक/निषेधार्थक; governs तृतीया/पञ्चमी usage; here with instrumental

• क्षेत्रैः: fields
• क्षेत्रैः: Sahakāri (सहकारी/with vinā: 'without X')
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṣetra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुवचन, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• पर-भूमि-चरः: roaming on others’ land
• पर-भूमि-चरः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūmi (प्रातिपदिक) + cara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: एकवचन, प्रथमा, पुंलिङ्ग; विशेषण; 'moving on others’ land'

• बली: strong
• बली: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: balin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: एकवचन, प्रथमा, पुंलिङ्ग; विशेषण

• ग्रामः: a village
• ग्रामः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: grāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: एकवचन, प्रथमा, पुंलिङ्ग

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (restrictive/emphatic particle)

• द्रमी-संज्ञः: called ‘dramī’
• द्रमी-संज्ञः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of ग्रामः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dramī (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃjña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: एकवचन, प्रथमा, पुंलिङ्ग; विशेषण; 'having the name dramī'

• राज-वल्लभ-संश्रयः: dependent on the king’s favorites
• राज-वल्लभ-संश्रयः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of ग्रामः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rāja (प्रातिपदिक) + vallabha (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃśraya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: एकवचन, प्रथमा, पुंलिङ्ग; विशेषण; 'having resort to the king’s favorite(s)'

Speakers

• Narratorial social classification

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Social ethics
• Kingship and patronage
• Land and livelihood

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Landlessness coupled with strength and lack of restraint is depicted as a seed of social disorder; dependence on royal favoritism can shelter adharmic behavior if kingship is not vigilant.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Touches ‘vaṃśānucarita’ only indirectly via the role of the king; primarily it is dharma-śāstra-like social observation within Purāṇic narrative texture.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘dramī’ archetype represents unintegrated power (bala) without yajña-like reciprocity (kṣetra/production), i.e., consumption without contribution—an inner imbalance mirrored socially.