Adhyaya 48 — The Emanation of Beings from Brahma: Night, Day, Twilight, and the Orders of Creation
ज्योत्स्ना सन्ध्या तथैवाह—सत्त्वमात्रात्मकं त्रयम् ।
तमोमात्रात्मिका रात्रिः सा वै तस्मात् त्रियामिका ॥
jyotsnā sandhyā tathaivāha—sattva-mātrātmakaṃ trayam / tamo-mātrātmikā rātriḥ sā vai tasmāt triyāmikā
Mondlicht und Dämmerung, und ebenso (der Tag), gelten als überwiegend aus Sattva gebildet — insgesamt drei. Die Nacht ist überwiegend aus Tamas gebildet; daher heißt sie ‘triyāmā’ (die drei Nachtwachen).
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Activities align with guṇa-dominance: sattva-associated periods (day/twilight/moonlit clarity) are traditionally favored for study, worship, and discernment; tamas-associated night supports rest and withdrawal, warning against heedless action.
Sarga with a guṇa-hermeneutic: the created temporal states are classified by prakṛti’s qualities.
The verse maps inner psychology onto cosmic time: ‘night’ as tamas mirrors ignorance/sleep, while sandhyā/jyotsnā point to transitional lucidity—useful for meditative thresholds.