Shloka 4

Adhyaya 47 — Bharata-varsha

Sanskrit

इमञ्चोदाहरन्त्यत्र श्लोकं नारायणं प्रति ।

ब्रह्मस्वरूपिणं देवं जगतः प्रभवाप्ययम् ॥

Transliteration

imañ codāharanty atra ślokaṃ nārāyaṇaṃ prati / brahmasvarūpiṇaṃ devaṃ jagataḥ prabhavāpyayam

Translation

Hier wird dieser Vers an Nārāyaṇa gerichtet rezitiert: „die Gottheit, deren Gestalt Brahman ist, Ursprung und Auflösung der Welt.“

Word by Word

• imam: this
• imam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• udāharanti: they cite / recite
• udāharanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ud-ā-√hṛ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन

• atra: here
• atra: Deśa (देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atra (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)

• ślokam: a verse
• ślokam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śloka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• nārāyaṇam: Nārāyaṇa
• nārāyaṇam: Pratiyogin/Target (प्रति/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nārāyaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• prati: towards / addressed to
• prati: Prati (प्रति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prati (अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्गसदृश-अव्यय/पूर्वसर्ग (preposition-like indeclinable)

• brahma-svarūpiṇam: whose form is Brahman
• brahma-svarūpiṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक) + svarūpin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः): 'ब्रह्मणः स्वरूपः यस्य' (having Brahman as form)

• devam: the god
• devam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• jagataḥ: of the world
• jagataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन

• prabhava-apyayam: (as) origin and dissolution
• prabhava-apyayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prabhava (प्रातिपदिक) + apyaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; द्वन्द्व-समासः (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः) समाहारार्थे: 'प्रभवश्च अप्ययश्च' (origin and dissolution)

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya narrating; introduces a traditional citation

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Nārāyaṇa (Viṣṇu)

Key Themes

• Theology (Nārāyaṇa as Brahman)
• Cosmic origin and dissolution
• Scriptural citation style

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse frames creation and dissolution as rooted in a single ultimate principle; ethically, it supports reverence and restraint, since all beings share one source.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Concerns ‘Sarga’ and ‘Saṃsthā’ together (origin and dissolution), articulating the metaphysical ground that underlies the narrative cosmology.

What is the esoteric significance?

Calling Nārāyaṇa ‘brahmasvarūpin’ points to non-dual grounding: the personal deity language gestures toward an impersonal absolute, integrating bhakti and metaphysics.