Shloka 69

Adhyaya 45 — Jaimini’s Cosmological Questions and the Opening of Markandeya’s Account of Primary Creation

Sanskrit

महांस्तैः सहितः सर्वैरव्यक्तेन समावृतः ।

एभिरावरणैरण्डं सप्तभैः प्राकृतैर्वृतम् ॥

Transliteration

mahāṃs taiḥ sahitaḥ sarvair avyaktena samāvṛtaḥ | ebhir āvaraṇair aṇḍaṃ saptabhaiḥ prākṛtair vṛtam

Translation

Mahat ist zusammen mit all jenen Prinzipien vom Unmanifesten (avyakta) bedeckt. Durch diese sieben stofflichen (prākṛta) Hüllen ist das Weltenei umschlossen.

Word by Word

• महान्: great
• महान्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; agrees with implied subject (अण्डः/सः)

• तैः: by those
• तैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया बहुवचन; instrumental

• सहितः: accompanied
• सहितः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सह (अव्यय) + इ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त) / सहित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘accompanied/associated’

• सर्वैः: by all
• सर्वैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया बहुवचन; instrumental ‘by all’

• अव्यक्तेन: by the unmanifest
• अव्यक्तेन: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अव्यक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन; instrumental; ‘the unmanifest (prakṛti)’

• समावृतः: was completely covered
• समावृतः: क्रिया (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-वृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; predicate

• एभिः: by these
• एभिः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया बहुवचन; instrumental ‘by these’

• आवरणैः: coverings/envelopes
• आवरणैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आवरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया बहुवचन; instrumental

• अण्डम्: the cosmic egg
• अण्डम्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; here as subject of vṛtam (Ppp)

• सप्तभिः: by seven
• सप्तभिः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्त (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया बहुवचन; instrumental ‘by seven’

• प्राकृतैः: material/primal
• प्राकृतैः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राकृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया बहुवचन; instrumental; qualifies आवरणैः

• वृतम्: was enclosed/covered
• वृतम्: क्रिया (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; predicate agreeing with अण्डम्

Speakers

• Cosmological narration; speaker not explicitly marked here

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Sāṃkhya cosmology
• Avyakta and Mahat
• Seven coverings
• Prakṛti framework

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The manifest rests upon the unmanifest: visible reality is dependent on subtler causal strata, encouraging humility about sensory knowledge.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sarga: enumeration of tattvas and their enclosing function around the cosmos.

What is the esoteric significance?

Avyakta as the ultimate veil implies that liberation/knowledge requires penetrating beyond even cosmic intellect (mahat) into the unmanifest causal ground.