Shloka 66

Adhyaya 45 — Jaimini’s Cosmological Questions and the Opening of Markandeya’s Account of Primary Creation

Sanskrit

समुदा गर्भसलिलं तस्याण्डस्य महात्मनः ।

तस्मिन्नण्डे जगत् सर्वं सदेवासुरमानुषम् ॥

Transliteration

samudā garbhasalilaṃ tasyāṇḍasya mahātmanaḥ | tasminn aṇḍe jagat sarvaṃ sadevāsuramānuṣam

Translation

Die Ozeane waren die embryonalen Wasser jenes großen Welteneis. In diesem Ei befand sich die ganze Welt, zusammen mit Göttern, Asuras und Menschen.

Word by Word

• समुदाः: oceans
• समुदाः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन

• गर्भसलिलम्: the embryonic waters
• गर्भसलिलम्: सम्बन्ध/विशेष्य (Apposition/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्भ-सलिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ‘fluid of the womb/embryonic water’

• तस्य: of that
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी एकवचन; genitive

• अण्डस्य: of the cosmic egg
• अण्डस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन

• महात्मनः: of the great one
• महात्मनः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन; adjective in genitive qualifying अण्डस्य (‘of the great-souled’)

• तस्मिन्: in that
• तस्मिन्: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी एकवचन; locative

• अण्डे: in the egg
• अण्डे: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी एकवचन

• जगत्: the world
• जगत्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन

• सर्वम्: entire
• सर्वम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; agrees with जगत्

• स-देव-असुर-मानुषम्: together with gods, asuras, and humans
• स-देव-असुर-मानुषम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + देव + असुर + मानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; dvandva ‘gods, asuras, and humans’ with स- ‘together with’ qualifying जगत्

Speakers

• Same cosmological narration; speaker not explicitly marked in the verse

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Brahmāṇḍa
• Primordial waters
• Three classes of beings (deva/asura/manuṣya)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

All orders of beings are presented as co-inhabitants of one cosmic enclosure, implying a shared ontological ground and interdependence.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sarga: description of the universe’s formation and its constituents within the cosmic egg.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Embryonic waters’ (garbha-salila) aligns macrocosm and microcosm: creation is modeled on gestation, with waters as the sustaining medium of emergence.