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Shloka 5

Adhyaya 44Subahu’s Counsel to the King of Kashi and Alarka’s Renunciation through Yoga

सुबाहुरुवाच काशिराज ! निबोध त्वं यदर्थमयमुद्यमः ।

कृतो मया भवान्श्चैव कारितोऽत्यन्तमुद्यमम् ॥

subāhur uvāca kāśirāja nibodha tvaṃ yad-artham ayam udyamaḥ / kṛto mayā bhavāṃś caiva kārito ’tyantam udyamam

Subāhu sprach: „O König von Kāśī, erkenne, zu welchem Zweck ich dieses Bemühen unternommen habe — und weshalb ich auch dich zur äußersten Anstrengung angetrieben habe.“

सुबाहुःSubāhu (name)
सुबाहुः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसुबाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
काशिराजO king of Kāśī
काशिराज:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootकाशिराज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: काशी + राजन् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-प्रथमा (Vocative), एकवचन
निबोधunderstand/know
निबोध:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootबुध् (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: नि-
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, उत्तम-पुरुषार्थे (2nd person pronoun), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन
यदर्थम्for what purpose/why
यदर्थम्:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्यय (indeclinable adverbial): 'for what purpose/why'
अयम्this
अयम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन
उद्यमःeffort/undertaking
उद्यमः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootउद्यम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन
कृतःdone/made
कृतः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formकृत-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगे 'done/made'
मयाby me
मया:
Kartrikarana (कर्तृकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन
भवान्you (honored sir)
भवान्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formआदरार्थ-प्रयोग (honorific), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
एवindeed/just
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चय/अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
कारितःcaused (to do) / made to do
कारितः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formणिच्-प्रत्ययान्त causative + क्त (PPP); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अर्थ: 'caused to be done/made'
अत्यन्तम्excessively/very much
अत्यन्तम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्यन्त (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययभाव)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
उद्यमम्effort/undertaking
उद्यमम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootउद्यम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
Subāhu speaking to Kāśirāja

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaEthics of actionMotivation for spiritual interventionDidactic dialogue

FAQs

Right action is framed by right intention: Subāhu first clarifies the motive behind strenuous action, implying that exertion gains ethical value when grounded in a higher purpose (here, guiding another toward detachment).

Primarily outside strict pañcalakṣaṇa categories; it belongs to ācāra/dharma-nīti (ethical instruction) presented through narrative dialogue rather than sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita.

The ‘udyama’ (effort) signals deliberate spiritual engineering: a wise agent may create conditions that catalyze awakening (saṃbodha) in another, hinting at compassionate ‘upāya’ (skillful means).