Shloka 11

Adhyaya 44 — Subahu’s Counsel to the King of Kashi and Alarka’s Renunciation through Yoga

Sanskrit

ततो मया विनिश्चित्य दुःखाद्वैराग्यभावना ।

भविष्यतीत्यस्य भवानित्युद्योगाय संश्रितः ॥

Transliteration

tato mayā viniścitya duḥkhād vairāgya-bhāvanā / bhaviṣyatīty asya bhavān ity udyogāya saṃśritaḥ

Translation

Daher, in der Erkenntnis, dass aus Kummer bei ihm die Pflege der Unanhaftung (Vairāgya) erwachsen würde, nahm ich zu dir (als Verbündetem) Zuflucht für dieses Vorhaben.

Word by Word

• ततः: then; thereafter
• ततः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) — ‘thereupon/then’

• मया: by me
• मया: कर्ता (Agent, instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• विनिश्चित्य: having determined
• विनिश्चित्य: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-√निश्चि (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (अव्ययभाव; gerund), ‘having ascertained/decided’

• दुःखात्: from suffering
• दुःखात्: अपादान (Ablative source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान), एकवचन

• वैराग्य-भावना: the cultivation of dispassion
• वैराग्य-भावना: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैराग्य (प्रातिपदिक) + भावना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (vairāgyasya bhāvanā)

• भविष्यति: will arise; will be
• भविष्यति: क्रिया (आख्यात)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (भविष्यत्/साधारण-भविष्यत्), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• इति: thus
• इति: वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (Quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उद्धरण/वाक्यसमाप्तिसूचक (quotative particle)

• अस्य: of this (person)
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• भवान्: you (honored one)
• भवान्: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; आदरार्थक-सर्वनाम

• इति: thus
• इति: वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (Quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उद्धरणसूचक

• उद्योगाय: for effort; for undertaking
• उद्योगाय: सम्प्रदान (Dative purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उद्योग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (सम्प्रदान), एकवचन

• संश्रितः: has resorted (to); has taken up
• संश्रितः: कर्ता (Predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-√श्रि (धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) — ‘having resorted/taken refuge’

Speakers

• Subāhu speaking to Kāśirāja

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Vairāgya born of duḥkha
• Upāya (skillful means)
• Compassionate strategy
• Ethics of intervention

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Suffering can become a teacher when guided toward insight; the ethical nuance is that the intention is remedial—aimed at awakening, not harm.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/nīti instruction through narrative causality; not within the five cosmological/genealogical markers except as embedded storytelling.

What is the esoteric significance?

Duḥkha is treated as a transformative fire that burns attachment; the verse encodes the inner alchemy where pain is transmuted into vairāgya through right ‘bhāvanā’ (cultivation).