Shloka 2

Adhyaya 40 — The Yogin’s Impediments (Upasargas), Subtle Concentrations, and the Eight Siddhis

Sanskrit

काम्याः क्रियास्तथा कामान् मानुषानभिवाञ्छति । स्त्रियो दानफलं विद्यां मायां कुप्यं धनं दिवम् ॥

Transliteration

kāmyāḥ kriyās tathā kāmān mānuṣān abhivāñchati | striyo dānaphalaṃ vidyāṃ māyāṃ kupyaṃ dhanaṃ divam ||

Translation

Er kommt dazu, wunscherfüllende Riten und menschliche Genüsse zu begehren—Frauen, das Verdienst aus Gaben, Gelehrsamkeit, magische Kraft (Siddhi), Schätze, Reichtum und sogar den Himmel.

Word by Word

• काम्याः: desired, wish-fulfilling
• काम्याः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; विशेषण (fem. nom. pl.)

• क्रियाः: actions, rites
• क्रियाः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रिया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन (fem. nom. pl.)

• तथा: also, likewise
• तथा: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अव्यय-प्रकारः—समुच्चय/उपमानार्थक-अव्यय (indecl. ‘also/likewise’)

• कामान्: desires, objects of desire
• कामान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन (masc. acc. pl.)

• मानुषान्: human
• मानुषान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; विशेषण (masc. acc. pl.)

• अभिवाञ्छति: desires, longs for
• अभिवाञ्छति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-√वाञ्छ् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमानकाल/present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg.)

• स्त्रियः: women
• स्त्रियः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन (fem. acc. pl.)

• दानफलम्: fruit of giving (charity)
• दानफलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान + फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (दानस्य फलम्) (neut. acc. sg.)

• विद्याम्: knowledge
• विद्याम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (fem. acc. sg.)

• मायाम्: magic, illusion
• मायाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (fem. acc. sg.)

• कुप्यम्: valuable goods, treasure
• कुप्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुप्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (neut. acc. sg.); द्रव्यवाचक (valuable goods)

• धनम्: wealth
• धनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (neut. acc. sg.)

• दिवम्: heaven
• दिवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (neut. acc. sg.)

Speakers

• Not specified in input (likely an instructional voice within the yoga discourse)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "vairagya", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Vairagya (dispassion)
• Upasarga (obstacles)
• Karma and desire

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Desire-driven attainments—whether sensual, social, or religious merit—can rebind the mind. The yogin must recognize these as distractions from liberation-oriented practice.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This passage is not primarily sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita; it belongs to dharma–yoga instruction (a didactic philosophical layer common in Purāṇas).

What is the esoteric significance?

The list maps progressively subtler attachments: gross pleasures (women/wealth), religious merit (dāna-phala), cognitive power (vidyā), occult capacity (māyā), and celestial aspiration (diva). All are to be transcended as ‘binding fruits’ when sought as ends.