Shloka 14

Adhyaya 4 — Jaimini Meets the Dharmapakshis: Four Doubts on the Mahabharata and the Opening of Narayana Doctrine

Sanskrit

इति सञ्चिन्त्य मनसा न शोकं कर्तुमर्हथ ।

ज्ञानस्य फलमेतावच्छोकहर्षैरधृष्यता ॥

Transliteration

iti sañcintya manasā na śokaṃ kartum arhatha |

jñānasya phalam etāvac chokaharṣair adhṛṣyatā ||

Translation

Wenn du so in deinem Geist erwägst, sollst du dem Kummer nicht nachgeben. Dies ist die Frucht wahren Wissens: dass man weder von Trauer noch von Freude überwältigt wird.

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-समापन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; इत्यादि-निपात (quotative particle)

• sañcintya: having reflected
• sañcintya: Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वकर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: saṃ-√cint (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); पूर्वकाल (having done); अव्ययभाव

• manasā: with the mind
• manasā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया (करण) एकवचन; Instrumental singular

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात (negation particle)

• śokam: grief
• śokam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; Accusative singular

• kartum: to do
• kartum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive); क्रियार्थ (purpose)

• arhatha: you (all) ought/are fit
• arhatha: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √arh (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present); मध्यमपुरुष; बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• jñānasya: of knowledge
• jñānasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jñāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी एकवचन; Genitive singular

• phalam: fruit/result
• phalam: Karta (कर्ता/वाक्य-प्रत्यय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: phala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; here Nominative singular (predicate)

• etāvat: this much/so much
• etāvat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etāvat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; demonstrative/quantitative adjective agreeing with फलम्

• śoka-harṣaiḥ: by grief and joy
• śoka-harṣaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक) + harṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास; पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया बहुवचन; Instrumental plural

• adhṛṣyatā: unassailability (not being overcome)
• adhṛṣyatā: Karta (कर्ता/विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: a-√dhṛṣ (धातु)
• Form: भाववाचक-तल्/ता-प्रत्ययान्त (abstract noun); स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘अधृष्यता’ = invincibility/unassailability

Speakers

• Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context needed to identify the exact speaker within Adhyaya 4)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Jnana
• Vairagya (dispassion)
• Equanimity
• Ethics of self-control
• Freedom from dvandvas (pairs of opposites)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse defines a practical hallmark of jñāna: steadiness amid life’s dualities. One who has truly understood the nature of self and world does not collapse into grief nor become intoxicated by joy; ethical maturity is measured by emotional non-reactivity and inner composure.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This verse is not primarily about sarga (creation), pratisarga (dissolution), vaṃśa (genealogy), manvantara (Manu-cycles), or vaṃśānucarita (dynastic histories). It belongs to the Purana’s didactic/ethical-philosophical instruction that accompanies and frames those narratives.

What is the esoteric significance?

Śoka and harṣa represent the dvandvas that bind consciousness to external conditions. “Adhṛṣyatā” suggests an inner inviolability: when awareness is rooted in jñāna, mental waves arise but do not ‘strike’ the core. Esoterically, it points to a yogic stabilization where the mind ceases to be commandeered by pleasure-pain reactions.