Shloka 9

Adhyaya 37 — Alarka’s Crisis and the Teaching on Non-Attachment (Madālasa’s Instruction Recalled)

Sanskrit

ततः स काशिभूपालमुदीर्णबलवाहनम् ।

स्वराज्यं प्राप्तुमागच्छद् बहुशः शरणं कृतिः ॥

Transliteration

tataḥ sa kāśi-bhūpālam udīrṇa-bala-vāhanam |

svarājyaṃ prāptum āgacchad bahuśaḥ śaraṇaṃ kṛtī ||

Translation

Dann trat er an den König von Kāśī heran, dessen Heere und Reittiere furchterregend waren; um sein eigenes Reich zurückzugewinnen, suchte der tüchtige Mann wiederholt (bei ihm) Zuflucht.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अपादान/क्रमसूचक (from there/then)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• काशि-भूपालम्: the king of Kāśī
• काशि-भूपालम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāśī (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūpāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (काश्याः भूपालः)

• उदीर्ण-बल-वाहनम्: with a raised/mustered army and vehicles
• उदीर्ण-बल-वाहनम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: udīrṇa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + bala (प्रातिपदिक) + vāhana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (उदीर्णं बलं यस्य वाहनम्/सेना) विशेषणम् काशिभूपालम् प्रति

• स्व-राज्यम्: his own kingdom
• स्व-राज्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक) + rājya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (स्वं राज्यम्)

• प्राप्तुम्: to obtain
• प्राप्तुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prāp (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive); प्रयोजन (in order to obtain)

• आगच्छत्: came
• आगच्छत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-gam (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (अनद्यतनभूत/Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• बहुशः: many times
• बहुशः: Sambandha (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bahuśas (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; आवृत्तिवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (repeatedly/many times)

• शरणम्: refuge
• शरणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; गत्यर्थे (as refuge)

• कृतिः: the capable one
• कृतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; गुणवाचक (capable/active person)

Speakers

• Narratorial (frame-speakers not identifiable from provided verses alone)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "vira", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Political asylum
• Alliance-seeking
• Conflict over kingship

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Dependence on external power is portrayed as a strategic recourse in political struggle, but it also signals internal instability: loss of rightful sovereignty leads to seeking shelter elsewhere.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita (historical-style narrative of kings and rivalries).

What is the esoteric significance?

Seeking ‘another king’s refuge’ mirrors the psyche seeking external supports when inner kingship (self-mastery) is weakened.