Shloka 78

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

उद्वहेत् पितृमात्रोश्च सप्तमीं पञ्चमीं तथा ।

रक्षेद्दारान् त्यजेद् ईर्ष्यां दिवा च स्वप्नमैथुने ॥

Transliteration

udvahet pitṛmātroś ca saptamīṃ pañcamīṃ tathā / rakṣed dārān tyajed īrṣyāṃ divā ca svapnamaithune

Translation

Er soll den ehelichen Beischlaf in der fünften und siebten Nacht meiden, gerechnet vom Beginn der Monatsblutung der Gattin; er soll seine Frau schützen, Eifersucht aufgeben und die geschlechtliche Vereinigung am Tage sowie in Träumen (d. h. in erotischen Phantasien) vermeiden.

Word by Word

• उद्वहेत्: should marry/lead (to marriage)
• उद्वहेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-√वह् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधि), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्; धातुः √वह् (to carry/lead), उपसर्गः उद्-

• पितृमात्रोः: of the father and mother
• पितृमात्रोः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ + मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्वसमासः (पितृ-मातृ); षष्ठी/सप्तमी द्विवचनस्य रूपम्—अत्र षष्ठी द्विवचनम् (Genitive dual) अधिकरण/सम्बन्धे; पुल्लिङ्ग-स्त्रीलिङ्गयोः समाहारः

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• सप्तमीम्: the seventh (tithi)
• सप्तमीम्: Karma (कर्म/द्वितीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सप्तमी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/द्वितीया), एकवचनम्; तिथिनाम (name of lunar day)

• पञ्चमीम्: the fifth (tithi)
• पञ्चमीम्: Karma (कर्म/द्वितीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्चमी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचनम्; तिथिनाम

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम् (adverb) — ‘likewise/also’

• रक्षेत्: should protect
• रक्षेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; √रक्ष् (to protect)

• दारान्: (his) wife/wives
• दारान्: Karma (कर्म/द्वितीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), बहुवचनम्; ‘wife/wives’ (plural form common)

• त्यजेत्: should abandon
• त्यजेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; √त्यज् (to abandon)

• ईर्ष्याम्: jealousy
• ईर्ष्याम्: Karma (कर्म/द्वितीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईर्ष्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचनम्

• दिवा: by day
• दिवा: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दिवा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्ययम् (temporal adverb) — ‘by day’

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• स्वप्नमैथुने: in dream-intercourse (sexual act in a dream)
• स्वप्नमैथुने: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/सप्तमी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वप्न + मैथुन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (स्वप्ने मैथुनम् = dream-intercourse); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/सप्तमी), एकवचनम्

Speakers

• Didactic narrator within Markandeya Purana (instructional passage; not Devi Māhātmya frame)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Gṛhastha-ācāra
• Sexual ethics
• Self-restraint

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Householder life is governed by restraint and care: marital intimacy is regulated by purity-period conventions, and the husband is enjoined to protect his wife, relinquish possessive jealousy, and avoid indulgence that erodes sattva (such as daytime or fantasy-driven sexuality).

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

This is not a pañcalakṣaṇa topic (sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita). It belongs to ācāra-dharma instruction, a common ancillary purāṇic function.

What is the esoteric significance?

Regulating maithuna is presented as conserving vitality and mental clarity; avoiding jealousy and fantasy indicates mastery over rāga-dveṣa so that household life supports, rather than obstructs, inner discipline.