Shloka 13

Adhyaya 26 — Madālasa Names Alarka and Reorients Him Toward Kshatriya Duty

Sanskrit

अलर्क इति धर्मज्ञः ख्यातिं लोके प्रयास्यति ।

कनीयानेष ते पुत्रो मतिमांश्च भविष्यति ॥

Transliteration

alarka iti dharmajñaḥ khyātiṃ loke prayāsyati / kanīyān eṣa te putro matimāṃś ca bhaviṣyati

Translation

„(Er soll) Alarka heißen. Er wird die Dharma kennen und in der Welt Ruhm erlangen. Dieser dein Sohn ist der Jüngste, und er wird klug sein.“

Word by Word

• अलर्कः: Alarka (name)
• अलर्कः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अलर्क (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• इति: thus / ‘so’
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/समाप्तिसूचक-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• धर्मज्ञः: knower of dharma
• धर्मज्ञः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• ख्यातिम्: fame
• ख्यातिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ख्याति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative 2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सप्तमी (Locative 7th), एकवचन (singular)

• प्रयास्यति: will attain / will go to
• प्रयास्यति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु) उपसर्ग-प्र (प्र + या)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

• कनीयान्: younger
• कनीयान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कनीयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तुलनात्मक (comparative), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• एष: this
• एष: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive 6th), एकवचन (singular)

• पुत्रः: son
• पुत्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• मतिमान्: intelligent (having intellect)
• मतिमान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मति + मत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• भविष्यति: will be
• भविष्यति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

Speakers

• Madālasa (naming statement with future characterization)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Vaṃśānucarita (royal lineage narrative)
• Dharma-centered kingship
• Prophetic characterization
• Wisdom over mere might

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The highest praise for a ruler is not conquest but dharma-jñāna (understanding right order). The verse reframes royal excellence as wisdom-guided fame.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Touches Vaṃśānucarita (account of notable descendants) by introducing Alarka as a significant figure, while still functioning as Dharma instruction.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘youngest yet wise’ motif often signals the inner aspirant: humility/innocence (kanīyān) paired with buddhi (mati) becomes the vehicle for dharma-realization.