Shloka 55

Adhyaya 2The Wise Birds

विदित्वैवं न सन्त्रासः कर्तव्यो विनिवर्तते ।

ततो निवृत्तास्ते दैत्या स्त्यक्त्वा मरणजं भयम् ॥

viditvaivaṃ na santrāsaḥ kartavyo vinivartate | tato nivṛttās te daityās tyaktvā maraṇajaṃ bhayam ||

„Nachdem man dies erkannt hat, soll keine Panik genährt werden; sie legt sich. Dann zogen sich jene Daityas zurück, nachdem sie die aus dem Tod entstehende Furcht abgelegt hatten.“

विदित्वाhaving known
विदित्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया/Anterior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविद् (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययीभाव-रूप (gerund/absolutive), ‘having known’
एवम्thus
एवम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
सन्त्रासःpanic/fear
सन्त्रासः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसन्त्रास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
कर्तव्यःshould be done (i.e., should be made)
कर्तव्यः:
Vidhi (विधि/Obligation)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (धातु) + तव्यत् (कृदन्त)
Formतव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/obligatory), पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; predicate ‘to be done/should be’
विनिवर्ततेceases/turns back
विनिवर्तते:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-नि-वृत् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; ‘turns back/ceases’
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Sequence)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (ablatival adverb)
निवृत्ताःreturned/withdrew
निवृत्ताः:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate participle)
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-वृत् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; predicate ‘returned/withdrawn’
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; pronoun
दैत्याḥthe Daityas
दैत्याḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदैत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्यज् (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund)
मरणजम्arising from death
मरणजम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootमरण-ज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): मरणस्य जः ‘born of death’; नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; qualifying ‘भयम्’
भयम्fear
भयम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object of ‘त्यक्त्वा’)
TypeNoun
Rootभय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (कर्म/2nd), एकवचन
Narratorial voice within the chapter’s ongoing account (speaker attribution varies by edition; not part of the four-birds dialogue and not within Devi Mahatmyam proper).

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaEthical instructionFearlessness through knowledgePsychology of fear

FAQs

Fear is portrayed as a mental disturbance that can be checked by right understanding (viditvā). Once the truth of a situation is discerned, panic is not to be ‘performed’ or entertained; it naturally withdraws. Ethically, the verse recommends composure and discernment over reactive terror, even in the face of mortality.

This verse is not directly a sarga/pratisarga (creation), vamśa (genealogy), manvantara (Manu cycles), or vamśānucarita (dynastic histories) statement. It functions as narrative-ethical instruction embedded in the Purana’s broader discourse, loosely aligning with vamśānucarita-style storytelling when situated within an episode, but here primarily serving didactic purpose.

The Daityas ‘turning back’ after abandoning death-born fear can be read symbolically: when the mind recognizes the nature of fear (often rooted in mortality-consciousness), the turbulent ‘asuric’ impulses (panic, aggression, flight) subside. The inner battle is resolved not by external force but by insight, suggesting a yogic motif—knowledge pacifies the vṛttis (agitations).