Shloka 51

Adhyaya 1 — Jaimini’s Questions on the Mahabharata and the Origin of the Wise Birds

Sanskrit

तस्मात् सुपर्णगोत्रे त्वं मत्क्रोधकलुषीकृता ।

जन्म प्राप्स्यसि दुष्प्रज्ञे यावद्वर्षाणि षोडश ॥

Transliteration

tasmāt suparṇagotre tvaṃ matkrodha-kaluṣīkṛtā | janma prāpsyasi duṣprajñe yāvad varṣāṇi ṣoḍaśa ||

Translation

Darum wirst du, von meinem Zorn befleckt, eine Geburt in der Linie Suparṇas erlangen. O Übelgesinnte, so wirst du sechzehn Jahre verbleiben.

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore
• तस्मात्: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तस्मात् (अव्यय-प्रयोग; तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्)
• Form: अव्ययार्थे पञ्चमी-प्रयोग; ‘therefore/from that reason’

• सुपर्ण-गोत्रे: in the Suparṇa lineage
• सुपर्ण-गोत्रे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुपर्ण (प्रातिपदिक) + गोत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अधिकरण (in/within the lineage)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• मत्-क्रोध-कलुषी-कृता: made impure by my anger
• मत्-क्रोध-कलुषी-कृता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मत् (अस्मद्-प्रातिपदिक) + क्रोध (प्रातिपदिक) + कलुषी (प्रातिपदिक) + कृ (धातु)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) ‘made impure’; विशेषण (qualifier of ‘त्वम्’)

• जन्म: birth
• जन्म: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्राप्स्यसि: you will obtain
• प्राप्स्यसि: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप् (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (simple future), मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• दुष्प्रज्ञे: O foolish one
• दुष्प्रज्ञे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुष् (उपसर्ग/उपपद) + प्रज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन; संबोधन

• यावत्: up to / for as long as
• यावत्: Kāla/Parimāṇa (काल/परिमाण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यावत् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; परिमाण/अवधि-वाचक (up to/as long as)

• वर्षाणि: years
• वर्षाणि: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कालपरिमाण (duration)

• षोडश: sixteen
• षोडश: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: षोडश (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक; नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-बहुवचनस्य विशेषणम् (qualifier of ‘years’)

Speakers

• Contextual curse speech within the opening narrative (speaker depends on edition’s framing; presented as a direct address issuing a curse/rebirth)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Karma (consequences of wrongdoing)
• Śāpa (curse) and rebirth
• Genealogical identity (gotra/lineage markers)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse emphasizes karmic causality expressed through the idiom of a curse: moral or social transgression invites a concrete consequence—here, a constrained rebirth and a fixed duration of suffering/limitation (sixteen years). It also warns against duṣprajñatā (misguided intellect), implying that ethical failure is tied to distorted judgment.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This verse is not directly sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita as a standalone unit; it belongs primarily to vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita-style narrative texture insofar as it references gotra (lineage) and rebirth, but functionally it serves the frame-story’s moral causation rather than cosmological enumeration.

What is the esoteric significance?

“Tainted by my wrath” (matkrodha-kaluṣīkṛtā) encodes the notion that contact with a powerful saṅkalpa (intent) reshapes one’s subtle trajectory; the gotra-marker (suparṇa) symbolizes being bound to a particular karmic channel or ‘stream’ of tendencies. The fixed term of sixteen years suggests a measured maturation of karmic fruition rather than endless punishment.