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Shloka 19

Adhyaya 1Jaimini’s Questions on the Mahabharata and the Origin of the Wise Birds

मार्कण्डेय उवाच क्रियाकालोऽयमस्माकं समप्राप्तो मुनिसत्तम ।

विस्तरे चापि वक्तव्ये नैष कालः प्रशस्यते ॥

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca kriyākālo 'yamasmākaṃ samaprāpto munisattama |

vistare cāpi vaktavye naiṣa kālaḥ praśasyate ||

Mārkaṇḍeya sprach: „O Bester der Weisen, die für unsere Pflichten bestimmte Zeit ist nun gekommen. Und wenn etwas ausführlich zu erklären ist, so ist dies keine lobenswerte Stunde für eine so lange Rede.“

mārkaṇḍeyaḥMarkandeya
mārkaṇḍeyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (वच् धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
kriyākālaḥthe time for action
kriyākālaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkriyā + kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; तत्पुरुषः—‘क्रियायाः कालः’
ayamthis
ayam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of क्रियाकालः)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
asmākamof us
asmākam:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
samaprāptaḥhas arrived
samaprāptaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of क्रियाकालः)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-√prāp (प्राप् धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘arrived/come’
munisattamaO best of sages
munisattama:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni + sattama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular; तत्पुरुषः—‘मुनीनां सत्तमः’
vistarein detail, at length
vistare:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvistara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction (समुच्चय)
apialso
api:
Sambandha (भाव-सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, particle (अपि—also/even)
vaktavyein what is to be spoken
vaktavye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (वच् धातु)
FormGerundive/Future passive participle (तव्यत्), Neuter, Locative, Singular; ‘when it is to be spoken’ / ‘in the matter to be spoken’
nanot
na:
Nishedha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, negation particle (निषेध)
eṣaḥthis
eṣaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of कालः)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
kālaḥtime
kālaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
praśasyateis approved/praised
praśasyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√śaṃs (शंस् धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person, Singular, Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद); passive-like sense ‘is praised/approved’
Mārkaṇḍeya speaking (in the opening frame dialogue; traditionally to Jaimini)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaKāla (right time/right occasion)Ritual proprietyDiscipline and prioritization

FAQs

Dharma is not only what is done, but also when it is done. The verse teaches prioritization: when obligatory actions (kriyā) are due, even valuable discussion should yield to timely duty. Speech and teaching are themselves dharmic acts, but they must be situated in a proper occasion (deśa-kāla-pātra).

This verse is part of the Purāṇic frame-setting and instruction (upodghāta/saṃvāda) rather than a direct instance of the pañcalakṣaṇa topics (sarga, pratisarga, vaṃśa, manvantara, vaṃśānucarita). It functions as narrative scaffolding that regulates when the main teaching will be delivered.

On a subtler reading, 'kriyākāla' points to the primacy of lived practice over mere conceptualization: realization is stabilized by disciplined action performed at the right moment. The verse also hints that sacred knowledge is best transmitted when attention is undivided and the environment is ritually and mentally prepared.