Shloka 1
Bhīṣma–Arjuna Strategic Engagement at Virāṭa’s Frontier (भीष्मार्जुनयुद्धम्)
Devanagari script
वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--महाराज! तदनन्तर द्रोणपुत्र अश्वत्थामाने रणभूमिमें जब अर्जुनपर बड़े वेगसे आक्रमण किया, तब अर्जुनने भी प्रचण्ड वायुवेगके समान तीव्र गतिसे आते हुए अभश्वत्थामाको रोका। उस समय जल बरसानेवाले मेघकी भाँति वह महान् शरसमूहकी वर्षा कर रहा था
Translation
Vaiśampāyana sprach: O Maharaja! Danach stürmte Aśvatthāmā, der Sohn Droṇas, mit gewaltigem Ungestüm auf dem Schlachtfeld gegen Arjuna an. Arjuna wiederum hielt Aśvatthāmā auf, der mit der Schnelligkeit eines Sturmwindes heranfuhr. Da ließ er, gleich einer regenbringenden Wolke, einen dichten Pfeilhagel niedergehen.
Word by Word
वैशम्पायनःVaiśampāyana
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तत्then/that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनन्तरम्after that; thereafter
अनन्तरम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनन्तर
द्रोणपुत्रःDroṇa's son
द्रोणपुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोणपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अश्वत्थामाAśvatthāmā
अश्वत्थामा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वत्थामन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रणभूमौon the battlefield
रणभूमौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरणभूमि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
अर्जुनम्Arjuna
अर्जुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महावेगेनwith great speed/force
महावेगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमहावेग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अभ्यक्रमत्attacked; advanced against
अभ्यक्रमत्:
TypeVerb
Rootक्रम्
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada, अभि
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
प्रचण्डवायुवेगसमेनwith (a speed) like the fierce wind's rush
प्रचण्डवायुवेगसमेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रचण्डवायुवेगसम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तीव्रगत्याwith swift movement
तीव्रगत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतीव्रगति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
आयान्तम्coming; approaching
आयान्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Accusative, Singular, आ
अश्वत्थामानम्Aśvatthāmā
अश्वत्थामानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वत्थामन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अवारयत्checked; stopped
अवारयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada, अव
तस्मिन्at that time; in that (moment)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
कालेtime
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
जलवर्षीrain-shedding
जलवर्षी:
TypeAdjective
Rootजलवर्षिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मेघःcloud
मेघः:
TypeNoun
Rootमेघ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महान्great
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शरसमूहवर्षाम्a shower of masses of arrows
शरसमूहवर्षाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरसमूहवर्षा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अकरोत्made; caused; poured forth
अकरोत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes