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Shloka 15

Arjuna’s Self-Identification and the Ten Names

Uttara–Arjuna Saṃvāda

कर्णने कहा--आचार्य! आप सदा हमारे सामने अर्जुनके गुणोंकी श्लाघा करते रहते हैं, परंतु अर्जुन मेरी और दुर्योधनकी सोलहवीं कलाके भी बराबर नहीं है ।। दुर्योधन उवाच यद्येष पार्थो राधेय कृतं कार्य भवेन्‍्मम | ज्ञाता: पुनश्नरिष्यन्ति द्वादशाब्दान्‌ विशाम्पते,दुर्योधनने कहा--राधानन्दन! यदि यह अर्जुन है; तब तो मेरा काम ही बन गया। अंगराज! अब ये पाण्डव पहचान लिये जानेके कारण फिर बारह वर्षोतक वनमें भटकेंगे

duryodhana uvāca | yady eṣa pārtho rādheya kṛtaṃ kāryaṃ bhaven mama | jñātāḥ punaḥ nariṣyanti dvādaśābdān viśāṃpate ||

Duryodhana sagte: „O Sohn der Rādhā (Karna), wenn dies wirklich Pārtha (Arjuna) ist, dann ist mein Vorhaben gelungen. Sobald die Pāṇḍavas erkannt sind, werden sie erneut gezwungen sein, zwölf Jahre im Wald im Exil zu leben, o Herr des Volkes.“

दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थःPartha (Arjuna)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राधेयO Radheya (Karna)
राधेय:
TypeNoun
Rootराधेय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कृतम्done; accomplished
कृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
कार्यम्task; business; what is to be done
कार्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्would be; might become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
ममof me; my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
ज्ञाताःhaving been recognized; known
ज्ञाताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञात
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
नरिष्यन्तिwill lead (a life); will live
नरिष्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनृ
FormFuture, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
TypeNumeral
Rootद्वादश
अब्दान्years
अब्दान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअब्द
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people (king)
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
K
Karna (Rādheya)
A
Arjuna (Pārtha)
P
Pandavas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how adherence to agreed conditions (vows and terms of exile) creates binding consequences: recognition at the wrong time is treated as a decisive legal-moral trigger, and Duryodhana frames it as a strategic victory rather than a question of fairness.

Duryodhana, speaking to Karna, believes he has identified Arjuna. He exults that if the Pāṇḍavas have been discovered, they will be compelled to undergo another twelve-year exile, implying their incognito term has been invalidated.