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Shloka 29

दमयन्त्या वणिजां सार्थगमनम्, हस्तियूथविप्लवः, चेदिराजपुरप्रवेशश्च

Damayantī joins a caravan; elephant-herd catastrophe; entry into Cedi

नष्टात्मा कलिना स्पृष्टस्तत्‌ तद्‌ विगणयन्‌ नृपः । जगामैकां वने शून्ये भार्यामुत्सृज्य दु:खित:,कलियुगके स्पर्शसे उनकी बुद्धि भ्रष्ट हो गयी थी; अतः वे अत्यन्त दुःखी हो विभिन्न बातोंका विचार करते हुए उस सूने वनमें अपनी पत्नीको अकेली छोड़कर चल दिये

bṛhadaśva uvāca |

naṣṭātmā kalinā spṛṣṭas tat tad vigaṇayan nṛpaḥ |

jagāmaikāṃ vane śūnye bhāryām utsṛjya duḥkhitaḥ ||

Bṛhadaśva sprach: Von Kali berührt, waren Urteilskraft und Selbstbeherrschung des Königs zugrunde gerichtet. Von Kummer gequält und vielerlei Gedanken wälzend, ging er allein in den öden Wald und ließ seine Gemahlin zurück.

नष्टात्माone whose mind/self is ruined
नष्टात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनष्ट-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कलिनाby Kali (the evil age/personified Kali)
कलिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकलि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
स्पृष्टःtouched/afflicted
स्पृष्टः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्पृश्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तत्that (and that), various matters
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विगणयन्considering, reflecting upon
विगणयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-गणय् (गणयति)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
नृपःthe king
नृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जगामwent
जगाम:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
एकाम्alone, solitary (fem.)
एकाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
शून्येdeserted, empty
शून्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootशून्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
भार्याम्wife
भार्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उत्सृज्यhaving abandoned/left behind
उत्सृज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-सृज्
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage)
दुःखितःsorrowful
दुःखितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

बृहदश्च उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
K
Kali
T
the king (Nala)
W
wife (Damayantī)
F
forest

Educational Q&A

When one is overpowered by Kali—symbolizing vice, discord, and loss of discernment—self-mastery collapses and adharma-like actions follow. The verse highlights the ethical danger of a mind clouded by destructive influences: grief and confusion can drive a person to betray duties, even toward one’s spouse.

In Bṛhadaśva’s narration of Nala’s story, the king—his mind corrupted by Kali—wanders in a deserted forest. In his distress and confused deliberation, he leaves his wife behind and goes away alone, marking a tragic turning point in their ordeal.