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Shloka 48

Ajñātavāsa-saṅkalpaḥ — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Resolve and Dhaumya’s Exempla on Concealment

सन्‍्तो हि सत्येन नयन्ति सूर्य सन्‍्तो भूमिं तपसा धारयन्ति | सन्‍्तो गतिर्भूतभव्यस्य राजन्‌ सतां मध्ये नावसीदन्ति सन्त:,श्रेष्ठ पुरुष सत्यके बलसे सूर्यका संचालन करते हैं। संत-महात्मा अपनी तपस्यासे इस पृथ्वीको धारण करते हैं। राजन! सत्पुरुष ही भूत, वर्तमान और भविष्यके आश्रय हैं। श्रेष्ठ पुरुष संतोंके बीचमें रहकर कभी दु:ख नहीं उठाते हैं

santo hi satyena nayanti sūryaṃ santo bhūmiṃ tapasā dhārayanti | santo gatir bhūta-bhavyasya rājan satāṃ madhye nāvasīdanti santaḥ ||

Yama sprach: „Denn die Guten und Heiligen sind es, die durch Wahrheit den Lauf der Sonne lenken; die Guten sind es, die durch Askese die Erde tragen. O König, die Gerechten sind Zuflucht und leitender Weg für das, was war, und für das, was noch sein wird. Wer unter Tugendhaften weilt, der sinkt—selbst tugendhaft—nicht in Kummer.“

सन्तःthe good/saints
सन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सत्येनby truth
सत्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
नयन्तिlead/guide
नयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनी (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सूर्यम्the sun
सूर्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सन्तःthe good/saints
सन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भूमिम्the earth
भूमिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
धारयन्तिsupport/hold
धारयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootधृ (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सन्तःthe good/saints
सन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गतिःrefuge/course/destination
गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भूतभव्यस्यof the past and the future
भूतभव्यस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत-भव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सताम्of the good
सताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
मध्येin the midst
मध्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवसीदन्तिsink down/falter/despair
अवसीदन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-सीद् (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सन्तःthe good/saints
सन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

यम उवाच

Y
Yama
T
the king (rājan, addressee)
S
Sūrya (the Sun)
B
Bhūmi (the Earth)
S
sat/santaḥ (the virtuous)

Educational Q&A

Truthfulness and austerity are presented as forces that sustain cosmic order: the virtuous, grounded in satya and tapas, uphold the world and become a refuge across time; keeping company with such people prevents one from sinking into sorrow.

Yama addresses a king and praises the spiritual efficacy of the righteous: their truth ‘guides the sun,’ their austerity ‘supports the earth,’ and association with the virtuous is portrayed as a safeguard against distress.