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Shloka 19

Ajñātavāsa-saṅkalpaḥ — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Resolve and Dhaumya’s Exempla on Concealment

यमस्तु त॑ं ततो बद्ध्वा प्रयातो दक्षिणामुख: । सावित्री चैव दुःखार्ता यममेवान्वगच्छत । नियमव्रतसंसिद्धा महाभागा पतिव्रता,यमराज उस जीवको बाँधकर साथ लिये दक्षिण दिशाकी ओर चल दिये। सावित्री दुःखसे आतुर हो यमराजके ही पीछे-पीछे चल पड़ी। वह परम सौभाग्यवती पतित्रता राजकन्या नियमपूर्वक व्रतोंके पालनसे पूर्णतः सिद्ध हो चुकी थी। (अतः निर्बाध गतिसे सर्वत्र आने-जानेमें समर्थ थी)

yamastu taṁ tato baddhvā prayāto dakṣiṇāmukhaḥ | sāvitrī caiva duḥkhārtā yamam evānvagacchata | niyamavratasaṁsiddhā mahābhāgā pativratā ||

Mārkaṇḍeya sprach: Yama band jene Seele und brach, nach Süden gewandt, auf, sie mit sich fortführend. Sāvitrī, vom Schmerz getroffen, folgte Yama selbst Schritt um Schritt. Jene überaus glückselige Prinzessin — standhaft in der ehelichen Treue (pativratā) — war durch strenge Observanzen und Gelübde zur Vollendung gelangt und konnte daher ungehindert gehen, wohin sie wollte.

यमःYama (the god of death)
यमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तम्him/that one
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ततःthen/from there/thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
बद्ध्वाhaving bound/tied
बद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootबन्ध्
FormAbsolutive (त्वा), Parasmaipada (usage)
प्रयातःdeparted/went forth
प्रयातः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या
FormPast active participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
दक्षिणामुखःfacing south/southward-facing
दक्षिणामुखः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्षिण-मुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सावित्रीSavitri
सावित्री:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसावित्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
दुःखार्ताafflicted by sorrow
दुःखार्ता:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःख-आर्त
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यमम्Yama
यमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अन्वगच्छत्followed
अन्वगच्छत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-गम्
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
नियमव्रतसंसिद्धाperfected/fully accomplished by observances and vows
नियमव्रतसंसिद्धा:
TypeAdjective
Rootनियम-व्रत-संसिद्ध
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
महाभागाmost fortunate/noble
महाभागा:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाभाग
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पतिव्रताdevoted to her husband (a chaste wife)
पतिव्रता:
TypeAdjective
Rootपति-व्रत
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
Y
Yama (Yamarāja)
S
Sāvitrī
T
the bound soul (Satyavān’s life)

Educational Q&A

Steadfast dharma—especially disciplined vows (niyama, vrata) and unwavering marital fidelity (pativratā-dharma)—creates inner power and moral authority, enabling one to confront even death with clarity, restraint, and purpose.

Yama seizes and binds the departing life and proceeds southward, the traditional direction associated with the realm of the dead. Sāvitrī, overwhelmed with grief yet strengthened by her vows, follows Yama closely and unhindered, setting the stage for her dialogue and eventual recovery of her husband’s life.