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Mahabharata 3.201.62Vana Parva, Adhyaya 201, Shloka 62

Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)

अतः राजेन्द्र! तुम भी इन ब्राह्मणोंका विधिपूर्वक पूजन करो। जो रास्ता चलनेसे थककर दुबला हो गया है, जिसका शरीर धूलसे भरा है और जो अन्नदाताका पता पूछता हुआ भोजनकी आशासे घरपर आ जाता है, उसका तुम यत्नपूर्वक सत्कार करो; क्योंकि वह अतिथि है, इसलिये ब्राह्मण ही है। अर्थात्‌ ब्राह्मणके ही तुल्य है ।।

ataḥ rājendra! tvam api ime brāhmaṇān vidhivat pūjaya. yaḥ pathi calanena śrāntaḥ kṛśo bhavati, yasya gātraṃ dhūlidhūsaritaṃ, yaś ca annadātāraṃ pṛcchan bhojanāśayā gṛham āgacchati, taṃ tvam yatnena satkuru; sa hy atithiḥ, tasmād brāhmaṇa eva—brāhmaṇatulyaḥ. taṃ yāntam anugacchanti devāḥ sarve savāsavāḥ; tasmin sampūjite prītā nirāśā yānty apūjite.

Vaiśampāyana sprach: „Darum, o Bester der Könige, sollst auch du diese Brahmanen nach rechter Vorschrift verehren. Wer, vom Weg ausgezehrt, den Leib mit Staub bedeckt, in Hoffnung auf Speise ins Haus kommt und nach dem Spender der Gabe fragt — den empfange mit eifrigem Respekt; denn er ist ein atithi (Gast) und ist darum wahrhaft Brahmane, einem Brahmanen gleich. Alle Götter, samt Indra, folgen einem solchen Gast auf seinem Weg. Wird dieser Gast in einem Haus gebührend geehrt, so sind die Götter erfreut; wird er nicht geehrt, kehren sie enttäuscht zurück.“

तंhim/that one
तं:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यान्तम्going, as he goes
यान्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
अनुगच्छन्तिfollow
अनुगच्छन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-गम् (धातु)
FormLat (Present), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Plural
देवाःgods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सवासवाःtogether with Vāsava (Indra); including Indra
सवासवाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस-वासव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तस्मिन्in him/when he (is ...)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
सम्पूजितेwhen (he is) duly honored
सम्पूजिते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-पूज् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
प्रीताःpleased
प्रीताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रीत (from प्री/प्रीण्)
Formक्त (PPP used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
निराशाःdisappointed, without hope
निराशाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्-आशा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यान्तिgo, depart
यान्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
FormLat (Present), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Plural
अपुजितेwhen (he is) not honored
अपुजिते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootअ-पूज् (धातु) / अ-पूजित
Formक्त (PPP), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
R
rājendra (addressed king)
B
brāhmaṇāḥ (Brahmins)
A
atithi (guest)
D
devāḥ (gods)
V
Vāsava/Indra

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches atithi-dharma: a weary traveler seeking food must be honored with careful hospitality. Such a guest is treated as Brahmin-like, and honoring him pleases the gods; neglecting him brings divine displeasure.

Vaiśampāyana instructs a king (addressed as rājendra) to perform proper worship and hospitality toward Brahmins and especially toward an arriving guest. He underscores the point by stating that Indra and the gods accompany the guest and respond according to how the host receives him.

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