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Shloka 5

अर्जुनोक्तिः—कृष्णं प्रति पुरुषकार‑कर्म‑विचारः

Arjuna’s Address to Krishna: Agency, Action, and Immediate Counsel

भीमसेन! समस्त राजाओंद्वारा सम्मानित जैसे प्रतिष्ठित कुलमें तुम्हारा जन्म हुआ है, अपने बन्धुओं और सुहृदोंसहित तुम वैसी ही प्रतिष्ठाके योग्य हो ।। जिज्ञासन्तो हि धर्मस्य संदिग्धस्य वृकोदर । पर्यायं नाध्यवस्यन्ति देवमानुषयोर्जना:,वृकोदर! देवधर्म (प्रारब्ध) और मानुषधर्म (पुरुषार्थ)-का स्वरूप संदिग्ध है। लोग दैव और पुरुषार्थ दोनोंके परिणामको जानना चाहते हैं, परंतु किसी निश्चयतक पहुँच नहीं पाते

jijñāsanto hi dharmasya sandigdhasya vṛkodara | paryāyaṃ nādhyavasyanti devamānuṣayor janāḥ ||

vṛkodara! devadharma (prārabdha) aur mānuṣadharma (puruṣārtha)-kā svarūpa sandigdha hai | log daiva aur puruṣārtha donoṃ ke pariṇāma ko jānna chāhte hain, parantu kisī niścaya tak nahīṃ pahuṃc pāte |

Bhīmasena! In ein angesehenes Geschlecht hineingeboren, von allen Königen geehrt, und umgeben von Verwandten und wohlgesinnten Freunden, bist du dieser Würde wahrhaft würdig. O Vṛkodara, wenn das Dharma zweifelhaft erscheint, gelangen jene, die es erforschen, zu keinem festen Schluss darüber, was der göttlichen Fügung (Schicksal, das bereits in Gang gesetzt ist) und was dem menschlichen Bemühen (eigener Einsatz) zuzuschreiben ist. Die Menschen wollen das Ergebnis von beidem kennen—Schicksal und Anstrengung—doch sie erreichen keine sichere Entscheidung.

जिज्ञासन्तःwishing to know, inquiring
जिज्ञासन्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजिज्ञासन्त् (√ज्ञा desiderative present participle)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
धर्मस्यof dharma
धर्मस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
संदिग्धस्यof the doubtful/uncertain
संदिग्धस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootसंदिग्ध
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वृकोदरO Vṛkodara (Bhīma)
वृकोदर:
TypeNoun
Rootवृकोदर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पर्यायम्a settled conclusion/definite determination
पर्यायम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपर्याय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अध्यवस्यन्तिthey determine/decide, arrive at a conclusion
अध्यवस्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-√वस् (अध्यवस्)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
देवमानुषयोःof gods and humans
देवमानुषयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootदेवमानुष (देव + मानुष)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीमसेन उवाच

B
Bhīmasena
V
Vṛkodara (Bhīma)

Educational Q&A

When dharma appears ambiguous, people struggle to decide how much is governed by fate (daiva/prārabdha) and how much by human effort (puruṣārtha). The verse highlights the ethical difficulty of making firm judgments when outcomes can be attributed to either providence or personal agency.

Bhīma speaks reflectively about the uncertainty surrounding dharma, contrasting divine dispensation and human striving. The statement frames a moral-philosophical tension relevant to the impending conflict, where decisions must be made despite uncertainty about what is ‘fated’ and what is ‘chosen.’