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Shloka 38

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 71 — Kṣatra-dharma Counsel, Public Legitimacy, and Mobilization

अद्वीको वा विमूढो वा नैव स्त्री न पुन: पुमान्‌ । नास्याधिकारो धर्मेडस्ति यथा शूद्रस्तथैव सः:,जो निर्लज्ज अथवा मूर्ख है, वह न तो स्त्री है और न पुरुष ही है। उसका धर्म-कर्ममें अधिकार नहीं है। वह शूद्रके समान है

advīko vā vimūḍho vā naiva strī na punaḥ pumān | nāsyādhikāro dharme 'sti yathā śūdras tathaiva saḥ ||

Yudhiṣṭhira sprach: «Ob einer schamlos ist oder in Verblendung lebt, er ist weder wahrhaft Frau noch wahrhaft Mann. In Angelegenheiten des Dharma hat er keinen Anspruch; hinsichtlich der Befähigung zu rechtem Wandel ist er nicht besser zu achten als ein Śūdra.»

अद्वीकाḥa ewe (female sheep)
अद्वीकाḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअद्वीका
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
विमूढःbewildered, deluded
विमूढः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविमूढ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
स्त्रीwoman
स्त्री:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुनःagain; on the other hand
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुमान्man
पुमान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुमांस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्यof him/this person
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अधिकारःentitlement, authority, eligibility
अधिकारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधिकार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मेin dharma; in religious duty/rites
धर्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
शूद्रःa Śūdra
शूद्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाso, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सःhe; that person
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

Moral and spiritual eligibility (adhikāra) depends on character: shamelessness and delusion undermine a person’s claim to act or speak with authority in dharma. The verse uses a socially coded comparison (“like a śūdra”) to stress lack of entitlement, not biological sex.

In Udyoga Parva’s pre-war negotiations and counsel, Yudhiṣṭhira articulates a stern ethical judgment: a person who is shameless or foolish forfeits standing in dharma, emphasizing that inner conduct—not mere identity—grounds moral authority.