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Shloka 14

अध्याय ३९: विदुरेण धृतराष्ट्राय नीत्युपदेशः

Timely Counsel, Association, and Kin-Duty

महाबलान्‌ पश्य महानुभावान्‌ प्रशास्य भूमिं धनधान्यपूर्णाम्‌ । राज्यानि हित्वा विपुलांश्व भोगान्‌ गतान्‌ नरेन्द्रान्‌ वशमन्तकस्य,धन-धान्यादिसे परिपूर्ण पृथ्वीका शासन करके अन्तमें समस्त राज्य और विपुल भोगोंको यहीं छोड़कर यमराजके वशमें गये हुए बड़े-बड़े बलवान्‌ एवं महानुभाव राजाओंकी ओर दृष्टि डालिये

mahābalān paśya mahānubhāvān praśāsya bhūmiṁ dhanadhānyapūrṇām | rājyāni hitvā vipulāṁś ca bhogān gatān narendrān vaśam antakasya ||

Sieh jene Könige von großer Kraft und hohem Ruhm: Nachdem sie ein Land regiert hatten, reich an Gold und Korn, ließen sie zuletzt ihre Reiche und ihre üppigen Genüsse hier zurück und gingen unter die Herrschaft Antakas (des Todes).

महाबलान्very mighty (ones)
महाबलान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पश्यsee; behold
पश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपश्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
महानुभावान्great-souled; illustrious (ones)
महानुभावान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहानुभाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रशास्यhaving ruled; after governing
प्रशास्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-शास्
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund), Active (parasmai-sense)
भूमिम्the earth; land
भूमिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
धनधान्यपूर्णाम्filled with wealth and grain
धनधान्यपूर्णाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootधनधान्यपूर्ण
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
राज्यानिkingdoms; realms
राज्यानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
हित्वाhaving abandoned; leaving behind
हित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
FormKtvā (absolutive/gerund), Active (parasmai-sense)
विपुलान्abundant; great
विपुलान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविपुल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भोगान्enjoyments; pleasures
भोगान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभोग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
गतान्gone; departed
गतान्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormKta (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Plural
नरेन्द्रान्kings; lords of men
नरेन्द्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनरेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वशम्control; power; sway
वशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अन्तकस्यof Death (Yama)
अन्तकस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
N
narendra (kings)
A
Antaka (Death/Yama)

Educational Q&A

Even the most powerful rulers, after enjoying wealth, grain, sovereignty, and pleasures, must finally submit to Death; therefore one should curb pride, reduce attachment to power and luxury, and act with dharma-aware humility.

Vidura urges his listener to reflect on the example of past great kings: despite ruling prosperous realms, they left everything behind and went under Death’s control—an admonition meant to sober the mind during the tense political crisis of the Udyoga Parva.