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Shloka 96

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

अष्टाविमानि हर्षस्य नवनीतानि भारत | वर्तमानानि दृश्यन्ते तान्येव स्वसुखान्यपि,भारत! मित्रोंसे समागम, अधिक धनकी प्राप्ति, पुत्रका आलिंगन, मैथुनमें संलग्न होना, समयपर प्रिय वचन बोलना, अपने वर्गके लोगोंमें उन्नति, अभीष्ट वस्तुकी प्राप्ति और जनसमाजमें सम्मान--ये आठ हर्षके सार दिखायी देते हैं और ये ही अपने लौकिक सुखके भी साधन होते हैं

aṣṭāv imāni harṣasya navanītāni bhārata | vartamānāni dṛśyante tāny eva svasukhāny api bhārata ||

Vidura sprach: „O Bhārata, acht Dinge sieht man in dieser Welt als die eigentliche ‘Butter’—das auserlesenste Wesen—der Freude; und eben diese Dinge werden auch zu den Mitteln gewöhnlichen weltlichen Glücks: das Zusammensein mit Freunden, der Gewinn größeren Reichtums, die Umarmung des Sohnes, die geschlechtliche Vereinigung, zur rechten Zeit angenehme Worte zu sprechen, Aufstieg unter den Eigenen, das Erlangen des Ersehnten und Ehre in der Öffentlichkeit.“

अष्टौeight
अष्टौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअष्टन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इमानिthese
इमानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
हर्षस्यof joy
हर्षस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootहर्ष
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
नवनीतानिessences/best parts (lit. fresh butter)
नवनीतानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनवनीत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वर्तमानानिpresent/occurring
वर्तमानानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तमान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
दृश्यन्तेare seen/appear
दृश्यन्ते:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Atmanepada (passive sense), Third, Plural
तानिthose (same)
तानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
स्वसुखानिone's own pleasures
स्वसुखानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वसुख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
B
Bhārata (addressed person; Kuru lineage)

Educational Q&A

Vidura identifies eight commonly observed sources of joy and notes that they also function as practical means to worldly happiness—highlighting how social bonds, family affection, measured pleasure, timely kind speech, and public esteem shape human well-being.

In the Udyoga Parva, Vidura is counseling the Kuru elder (addressed as ‘Bhārata’) with ethical and pragmatic reflections; here he lists the principal worldly factors that people experience as the ‘essence’ of joy.