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Shloka 10

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 3 — Sātyaki on Inner Disposition, Legitimacy, and Coercive Readiness

एवमप्ययमत्यन्तं परान्‌ नाहति याचितुम्‌ । वनवासके बन्धनसे मुक्त होकर अब ये अपने बाप-दादोंके राज्यको पानेके न्यायतः अधिकारी हो गये हैं। यदि युधिष्ठिर अन्यायसे भी अपना धन, अपना राज्य लेनेकी इच्छा करें, तो भी अत्यन्त दीन बनकर शत्रुओंके सामने हाथ फैलाने या भीख माँगनेके योग्य नहीं हैं।। कथं च धर्मयुक्तास्ते न च राज्यं जिहीर्षव:

evam apy ayam atyantaṁ parān nāhati yācitum | vanavāsake bandhanase muktaḥ kṛtvā idānīm ete sva-pitṛ-paitāmaha-rājyaṁ prāptuṁ nyāyataḥ adhikāriṇaḥ jātaḥ | yadi yudhiṣṭhiraḥ anyāyena api svaṁ dhanaṁ svaṁ rājyaṁ grahītuṁ icchet, tathāpi atyanta-dīnaḥ bhūtvā śatrūṇāṁ samakṣaṁ hastaṁ prasārayitum vā bhikṣāṁ yācitum vā yogyāḥ na santi || kathaṁ ca dharmayuktās te na ca rājyaṁ jihīrṣavaḥ ||

Vaiśaṃpāyana sprach: „Dennoch vermag er es nicht, sich dazu zu bringen, von anderen zu bitten. Vom Bann des Waldexils befreit, sind sie nun nach Recht und Gerechtigkeit die legitimen Anspruchsteller auf das Reich ihrer Väter und Großväter. Selbst wenn Yudhiṣṭhira danach verlangte, sein Gut und sein Königreich mit Mitteln zurückzuholen, die nicht streng gerecht sind, ziemt es ihnen doch nicht, sich so tief zu erniedrigen—vor Feinden die Hände auszustrecken oder um Almosen zu bitten. Und wie könnten sie, dem Dharma verbunden, ihr eigenes Reich nicht erstreben?“

एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अयम्this (man/person)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अत्यन्तम्excessively, utterly
अत्यन्तम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्यन्त
परान्others; opponents
परान्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आहतिstrikes, harms
आहति:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-हन्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
याचितुम्to beg, to request
याचितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootयाच्
FormTumun (infinitive)
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धर्मयुक्ताःendowed with dharma; righteous
धर्मयुक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मयुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
राज्यम्kingdom, sovereignty
राज्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जिहीर्षवःdesiring to take/appropriate
जिहीर्षवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजिहीर्षु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pāṇḍavas (implied by 'they')
E
enemies (śatrūṇām)
A
ancestral kingdom (pitṛ-paitāmaha-rājya)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames political action within dharma and honor: rightful heirs should not be reduced to humiliating dependence on enemies. Even when tempted toward expedient or questionable means, the ethical baseline is dignity and the legitimacy of reclaiming what is justly theirs.

In the Udyoga Parva’s lead-up to conflict, the speaker emphasizes that after completing the forest exile, the Pāṇḍavas have a lawful claim to their ancestral kingdom. Therefore, it is inappropriate for them—especially Yudhiṣṭhira—to beg or plead like paupers before hostile opponents; they should seek restoration of their realm.