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Shloka 2

Adhyāya 20 — Rājadharma Argument for Paternal Inheritance and Timely Conciliation

सर्व कौशल्यमुक्त्वा55दौ पृष्टवा चैवमनामयम्‌ । सर्वसेनाप्रणेतृणां मध्ये वाक्यमुवाच ह,उन्होंने पहले (अपने पक्षके लोगोंका) सारा कुशलसमाचार बताकर धूृतराष्ट्र आदिके स्वास्थ्यका समाचार पूछा, फिर सम्पूर्ण सेनानायकोंके समक्ष इस प्रकार कहा--

sarva-kauśalyam uktvā pr̥ṣṭvā caivam anāmayam | sarva-senā-praṇetr̥ṇāṁ madhye vākyam uvāca ha ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: Nachdem er zunächst alle Worte des Wohlergehens überbracht und sodann ehrerbietig nach ihrer Gesundheit und Krankheitsfreiheit gefragt hatte, richtete er inmitten aller Heerführer seine Rede an sie. Die Szene betont die Hofsitte: Selbst schwerwiegende politische Angelegenheiten beginnen mit einer respektvollen Erkundigung nach dem Befinden, bevor man zu dem übergeht, was die gemeinsame Verantwortung und den nahenden Konflikt betrifft.

सर्वम्all (entire)
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कौशल्यम्welfare, well-being
कौशल्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकौशल्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उक्त्वाhaving said/told
उक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active, Perfective (prior action)
दौthen (particle; reading uncertain)
दौ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदौ
पृष्ट्वाhaving asked
पृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active, Perfective (prior action)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अमनामयम्free from illness; health
अमनामयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअमनामय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सर्वसेनाप्रणेतृणाम्of all the army-leaders/commanders
सर्वसेनाप्रणेतृणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वसेनाप्रणेता
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
मध्येin the midst
मध्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वाक्यम्speech, words
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उवाचsaid, spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formलिट् (Perfect), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
S
senā-praṇetr̥s (army commanders)

Educational Q&A

Even when the subject is politically charged and war-oriented, dhārmic conduct begins with respect, welfare-inquiry, and measured speech. The verse models a norm of ethical communication: establish goodwill and acknowledge others’ well-being before delivering consequential counsel.

After exchanging formal courtesies—reporting general welfare and asking about the elders’ health—the speaker (contextually an envoy/counsellor figure) addresses the assembled military leadership, indicating a transition from polite preliminaries to a serious public statement before the commanders.