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Shloka 5

Bhīṣma’s Appraisal of Kaurava-Aligned Mahārathas

Warrior Roster and Motivations

यथाबलं यथोत्साहं रथिन: समुपादिशत्‌ | अर्जुन सूतपुत्राय भीम॑ दुर्योधनाय च,उन्होंने जिस वीरका जैसा बल और उत्साह था, उसका विचार करते हुए अपने रथियोंको योग्य प्रतिपक्षीके साथ युद्ध करनेका आदेश दिया। अर्जुनको सूतपुत्र कर्णका और भीमसेनको दुर्योधनका सामना करनेके लिये नियुक्त किया

sañjaya uvāca |

yathābalaṁ yathotsāhaṁ rathinaḥ samupādiśat |

arjunaṁ sūtaputrāya bhīmaṁ duryodhanāya ca ||

Sañjaya sprach: Indem er die Kraft und den Kampfesmut eines jeden Kriegers abwog, wies er die Wagenkämpfer ihren passenden Gegnern zu. So wurde Arjuna bestimmt, Karṇa, dem Sohn des Wagenlenkers, entgegenzutreten, und Bhīma, Duryodhana zu stellen—eine Schlachtordnung, die sowohl berechnete Strategie als auch die schwere moralische Last zeigt, Verwandte gegeneinander in den Tod zu senden.

यथाas, according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
बलम्strength
बलम्:
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यथाas, according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
उत्साहम्energy, zeal
उत्साहम्:
TypeNoun
Rootउत्साह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथिनःchariot-warriors
रथिनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
समुपादिशत्instructed, directed
समुपादिशत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-√दिश्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अर्जुनम्Arjuna
अर्जुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सूतपुत्रायfor the charioteer's son (Karna)
सूतपुत्राय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootसूतपुत्र
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
भीमम्Bhima
भीमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दुर्योधनायfor Duryodhana
दुर्योधनाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
K
Karṇa (Sūtaputra)
B
Bhīma (Bhīmasena)
D
Duryodhana
R
rathinaḥ (chariot-warriors)

Educational Q&A

Leadership in war must match roles to capability (bala, utsāha), yet such decisions carry ethical gravity: assigning opponents is not mere tactics but a dharmic responsibility with far-reaching consequences.

Sañjaya reports that the commander arranged the chariot-warriors by assessing their strength and spirit, specifically pairing Arjuna to face Karṇa and Bhīma to face Duryodhana.