Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 3

भीष्मस्य सेनापत्यप्रतिज्ञा तथा रथसंख्यावर्णनम् | Bhishma Accepts Command and Enumerates Kaurava Strength

स्ववीर्य य: समाश्रित्य समाह्दयति वै परान्‌ | अभीतो युध्यते शत्रून्‌ स वै पुरुष उच्यते,“जो अपने ही बल-पराक्रमका भरोसा करके शत्रुओंको ललकारता है और उनके साथ निर्भय होकर युद्ध करता है, वही पुरुष कहलाता है

svavīryaṁ yaḥ samāśritya samāhvayati vai parān | abhīto yudhyate śatrūn sa vai puruṣa ucyate ||

Sañjaya sprach: Wer auf die eigene Kraft und Tapferkeit vertraut, die Gegenseite herausfordert und furchtlos gegen die Feinde kämpft—nur er allein wird wahrhaft ein Mann genannt.

स्ववीर्यम्one's own valor/strength
स्ववीर्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्व-वीर्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समाश्रित्यhaving relied on / taking refuge in
समाश्रित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-श्रि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
समाह्वयतिchallenges/calls out
समाह्वयति:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-ह्वे
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
परान्others (here: enemies)
परान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभीतःfearless
अभीतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-भीत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युध्यतेfights
युध्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
शत्रून्enemies
शत्रून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पुरुषःa man (true man)
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Passive

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
E
enemies (śatrūn)
O
opposing side (parān)

Educational Q&A

True ‘puruṣa’ (manly worth) is defined by fearless courage grounded in one’s own strength and resolve—openly challenging opposition and standing firm in battle, rather than depending on external supports or mere reputation.

Sañjaya articulates a standard of warrior conduct and character during the tense pre-war context of the Udyoga Parva, describing the kind of fearless challenger who embodies the ideal of valor in impending conflict.