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Shloka 30

उद्योगपर्व अध्याय १३३ — संजये मातृउपदेशः

Udyoga Parva Adhyaya 133 — A Mother’s Counsel to Saṃjaya

जहि शत्रून्‌ रणे राजन्‌ स्वधर्ममनुपालय । मा त्वादृशं सुकृपणं शत्रूणां भयवर्धनम्‌,राजन! तू युद्धमें शत्रुओंको मार और अपने धर्मका पालन कर। शत्रुओंका भय बढ़ानेवाले तुझ वीर पुत्रको मैं अत्यन्त दीन या कायरके रूपमें न देखूँ

jahi śatrūn raṇe rājan svadharmam anupālaya | mā tvādṛśaṃ sukṛpaṇaṃ śatrūṇāṃ bhayavardhanam ||

O König, erschlage die Feinde in der Schlacht und wahre deinen eigenen Dharma. Lass mich nicht sehen, wie einer wie du in elende Feigheit sinkt—und so den Mut der Gegner noch vermehrt.

जहिslay
जहि:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (√हन्)
Formलोट् (imperative), 2, singular, परस्मैपद
शत्रून्enemies
शत्रून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
Formneuter, locative, singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
स्वधर्मम्one's own duty
स्वधर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वधर्म
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अनुपालयfollow/maintain
अनुपालय:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-पाल् (√पाल्)
Formलोट् (imperative), 2, singular, परस्मैपद
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
Formprohibitive particle
त्वादृशम्one like you
त्वादृशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वादृश
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
सुकृपणम्very wretched/cowardly
सुकृपणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसुकृपण
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
शत्रूणाम्of the enemies
शत्रूणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
भयवर्धनम्fear-increaser
भयवर्धनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभयवर्धन
Formneuter, accusative, singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

पुत्र उवाच

R
rājan (the King, addressed)
P
putra (the son, speaker)
Ś
śatravaḥ (enemies)

Educational Q&A

The verse urges steadfastness in svadharma: a ruler/warrior must not abandon rightful duty out of fear, because visible weakness emboldens opponents and undermines honor and moral order.

A son addresses a king directly, exhorting him to fight and uphold his warrior-duty, warning him not to appear pitiable or cowardly in a way that would strengthen the enemy’s resolve.